Se-dopant Modulated Selective Co-Insertion of H and Zn in MnO for High-Capacity and Durable Aqueous Zn-Ion Batteries.

MnO is commonly used as the cathode material for aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs). The strong Coulombic interaction between Zn ions and the MnO lattice causes significant lattice distortion and, combined with the Jahn-Teller effect, results in Mn dissolution and structural collapse. While proton intercalation can reduce lattice distortion, it changes the electrolyte pH, producing chemically inert byproducts. These issues greatly affect the reversibility of Zn intercalation/extraction, leading to significant capacity degradation of MnO. Herein, we propose a novel method to enhance the cycling stability of δ-MnO through selenium doping (Se-MnO). Our work indicates that varying the selenium doping content can regulate the intercalation ratio of H in MnO, thereby suppressing the formation of ZnMnO by-products. Se doping mitigates the lattice strain of MnO during Zn intercalation/deintercalation by reducing Mn-O octahedral distortion, modifying Mn-O bond length upon Zn insertion, and alleviating Mn dissolution caused by the Jahn-Teller effect. The optimized Se-MnO (Se concentration of 0.8 at.%) deposited on carbon nanotube demonstrates a notable capacity of 386 mAh g at 0.1 A g, with exceptional long-term cycle stability, retaining 102 mAh g capacity after 5000 cycles at 3.0 A g.