Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Orthod Craniofac Res. 2024 Dec;27(6):909-916. doi: 10.1111/ocr.12833. Epub 2024 Jul 16.
To investigate the alveolar bone morphology of the mandibular second and third molars in skeletal Class III patients from a buccolingual direction.
Sixty skeletal Class III patients were recruited. The alveolar bone width, buccal cortical bone thickness and lingual cortical bone thickness were measured in five planes from mesial to distal and at five depths from gingival to root. The effects of the gender of the patients, the second molar lingual inclination and the third molar on alveolar bone width and cortical bone thickness were evaluated. To explore the effect of third molar extraction on alveolar bone morphology, the measurements before and after third molar extraction were compared.
The impacted third molar had significantly greater alveolar bone width and thicker buccal cortical bone at the cervical third of the molar, while the erupted third molar had greater alveolar bone width at the apical third. Three weeks after third molar extraction, these advantages would weaken owing to the reconstruction of the alveolar bone. Patients with lingually inclined molar were observed to own thicker lingual cortical bone. Males tended to have greater alveolar bone width, but no significant differences were shown in this study.
The growth of the third molar and the second molar lingual inclination affect the alveolar bone morphology of the mandibular second and third molars significantly, but gender has trivial effects on the morphology. The alveolar bone morphology of the mandibular second and third molars would change 3 weeks after third molar extraction.
从颊舌向研究骨性 III 类患者下颌第二、第三磨牙的牙槽骨形态。
共纳入 60 例骨性 III 类患者。在颊舌向从近中到远中，在龈缘到根方的 5 个深度，测量 5 个平面的牙槽骨宽度、颊侧皮质骨厚度和舌侧皮质骨厚度。评估患者性别、第二磨牙舌倾以及第三磨牙对牙槽骨宽度和皮质骨厚度的影响。为了探讨第三磨牙拔除对牙槽骨形态的影响，比较了第三磨牙拔除前后的测量值。
埋伏的第三磨牙在磨牙颈 1/3 处牙槽骨宽度更大，颊侧皮质骨更厚，而萌出的第三磨牙在根尖 1/3 处牙槽骨宽度更大。第三磨牙拔除 3 周后，由于牙槽骨的重建，这些优势会减弱。第二磨牙舌倾的患者观察到舌侧皮质骨更厚。男性的牙槽骨宽度更大，但本研究中无显著差异。
第三磨牙的生长和第二磨牙舌倾显著影响下颌第二、第三磨牙的牙槽骨形态，但性别对形态的影响较小。第三磨牙拔除 3 周后，下颌第二、第三磨牙的牙槽骨形态会发生变化。
