COVID-19 大流行对成人支气管扩张症患者的影响，以及临床参数与支气管扩张症严重程度的关系。

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adult bronchiectasis patients and the relationship between clinical parameters and bronchiectasis severity.

机构信息

Chest Diseases Department, University of Health Sciences, Yedikule Chest Diseases and Chest Surgery Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

出版信息

Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2024 Jul;28(13):3958-3968. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_202407_36528.

DOI:10.26355/eurrev_202407_36528

PMID:39012235

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

Viral infections are an important cause of exacerbation in bronchiectasis patients. We aimed to determine the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on adult bronchiectasis patients and whether there was a relationship between the clinical parameters and the COVID-19 infection.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

In this retrospective observational study, 547 bronchiectasis patients were included. Demographic characteristics, vaccination status, Bronchiectasis Severity Index (BSI), FACED and Reiff scores, and clinical and laboratory parameters during COVID-19 infection were evaluated.

RESULTS

The median age was 56, and 49.2% of the patients were male. The COVID-19 infection rate was 27.6%. 431 (78.8%) patients had at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. The patients were divided into two groups according to their COVID-19 infection status. Emergency admission was significantly higher in the COVID-19-infected group. There was no statistical difference with other clinical factors. The COVID-19-infected patients were divided into home treatment and hospital/intensive care unit (ICU) treatment groups. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding advanced age, male gender, presence of asthma, long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) and non-invasive mechanic ventilator (NIMV) usage, sputum culture positivity, BSI and FACED scores, and multiple laboratory parameters (ferritin, C-reactive protein, eosinophil). In logistic regression analysis, BSI was found as a risk factor [OR 1.252 (1.077-1.456), p=0.004] and eosinophilia as a protective factor [OR 0.986 (0.973-0.999), p=0.030] for hospital/ICU admission.

CONCLUSIONS

Frequent emergency visits might increase the risk of COVID-19 infection in bronchiectasis patients. BSI was found to be an independent risk factor, and blood eosinophilia could play a protective role in hospital/ICU admission for COVID-19 infection.

摘要

目的

病毒感染是支气管扩张症患者加重的一个重要原因。我们旨在确定 COVID-19 大流行对成年支气管扩张症患者的影响，以及临床参数与 COVID-19 感染之间是否存在关系。

方法

在这项回顾性观察研究中，纳入了 547 名支气管扩张症患者。评估了人口统计学特征、疫苗接种状况、支气管扩张严重指数（BSI）、FACED 和 Reiff 评分，以及 COVID-19 感染期间的临床和实验室参数。

结果

中位年龄为 56 岁，49.2%的患者为男性。COVID-19 感染率为 27.6%。431（78.8%）名患者至少接种了一剂 COVID-19 疫苗。根据 COVID-19 感染情况，将患者分为两组。COVID-19 感染组的急诊入院率明显更高。与其他临床因素相比，无统计学差异。将 COVID-19 感染患者分为居家治疗组和住院/重症监护病房（ICU）治疗组。两组在年龄较大、男性、存在哮喘、长期氧疗（LTOT）和无创机械通气（NIMV）使用、痰培养阳性、BSI 和 FACED 评分以及多个实验室参数（铁蛋白、C 反应蛋白、嗜酸性粒细胞）方面存在统计学差异。在逻辑回归分析中，BSI 被发现是住院/ICU 入院的危险因素[比值比（OR）1.252（1.077-1.456），p=0.004]，嗜酸性粒细胞增多是保护性因素[OR 0.986（0.973-0.999），p=0.030]。