Tobacco and Health Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
Group of Evaluation of Health Determinants and Health Policies, Departament de Ciències Bàsiques, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
Environ Geochem Health. 2024 Jul 16;46(9):323. doi: 10.1007/s10653-024-02105-0.
This study was aimed to survey toxicity of waterpipe wastes leachates on Peronia peronii in aquatic and sediment environments as two exposure media. For this, leachates of four tobacco types including burnt traditional tobacco (BTT), fresh traditional tobacco (FTT), burnt fruit-flavored tobacco (BFT) and fresh fruit-flavored tobacco (FFT)) were prepared and used to assess their toxic effects on P. peronei in two aquatic and sediment media. The in-vivo toxic effects of five different concentrations of waterpipe tobacco waste leachates on P. peronii were evaluated. The LC values of BTTs leachates to P. peronii were 17.50, 16.05, 11.31 and 9.38 g/L at exposure times of 24, 48, 72 and 96 h, respectively in aquatic media. These values for BFTs leachates were 14.86, 12.38, 9.53 and 7.46 g/L at exposure times of 24, 48, 72 and 96 h, respectively. In the case of sediment media, the LC values of BTTs leachates were 15.33, 13.70, 9.09 and 6.70 g/L at exposure times of 24, 48, 72 and 96 h, respectively while these values for BFTs leachates were 12.00, 10.32, 8.20 and 5.65 g/L. Fruit-flavored tobacco leachates had significantly higher toxicity than traditional tobacco leachates for P. peronii. The findings also showed significant differences between the LC values of different leachates in different media of water and sediment. The results demonstrated that even small amount of tobacco waste (~ 5 to 6 g/L) can lead to P. peronii mortality and may also pose a hazard to other aquatic and benthic organisms. The results obtained from the present study can be used as a baseline data to assess local effects causing from unsafe disposal of post-consumption tobacco waste in beach areas. In addition, these findings can lead to encouraging decision-makers to focus more on the types of tobacco waste in the municipal solid waste management system and to implement a source separation process for these wastes.
本研究旨在调查水烟废弃物浸出液对水生和沉积物环境中 Peronia peronii 的毒性，这两种环境作为两种暴露介质。为此，我们制备了四种烟草类型的浸出液，包括燃烧的传统烟草（BTT）、新鲜的传统烟草（FTT）、燃烧的水果味烟草（BFT）和新鲜的水果味烟草（FFT），并评估了它们对水生和沉积物两种介质中 P. peronei 的毒性影响。评估了水烟烟草废弃物浸出液的五种不同浓度对 P. peronii 的体内毒性影响。在水介质中，BTT 浸出液对 P. peronii 的 LC 值分别为 24、48、72 和 96 h 时的 17.50、16.05、11.31 和 9.38 g/L。BFT 浸出液在 24、48、72 和 96 h 时的 LC 值分别为 14.86、12.38、9.53 和 7.46 g/L。在沉积物介质中，BTT 浸出液的 LC 值分别为 24、48、72 和 96 h 时的 15.33、13.70、9.09 和 6.70 g/L，而 BFT 浸出液的 LC 值分别为 12.00、10.32、8.20 和 5.65 g/L。水果味烟草浸出液对 P. peronii 的毒性明显高于传统烟草浸出液。研究结果还表明，水和沉积物两种不同介质中不同浸出液的 LC 值之间存在显著差异。结果表明，即使是少量的烟草废弃物（~5-6 g/L）也会导致 P. peronii 死亡，也可能对其他水生和底栖生物造成危害。本研究获得的结果可用作评估海滩地区不安全处理消费后烟草废物对当地造成影响的基线数据。此外，这些发现可以促使决策者更加关注城市固体废物管理系统中的烟草废物类型，并对这些废物实施源头分类处理。
