Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Alpakavet, Uettligen, Switzerland.
Vet Res Commun. 2024 Oct;48(5):3365-3369. doi: 10.1007/s11259-024-10465-2. Epub 2024 Jul 16.
Lamanema chavezi is an entero-hepatic strongylid parasite specific to South American camelids. It has been reported only on few occasions outside South America. Due to its hepatic migration, it can cause extensive liver damage, leading to granulomatous and fibrotic hepatitis and manifesting with lethargy, anorexia, and even death. We are reporting the second case of L. chavezi infection in Europe and the first in Switzerland. The patient was a three-year old neutered male llama (Lama glama). Clinical examination revealed bloody mucous discharge from the anus. Fecal sedimentation/flotation revealed strongylid eggs consistent with L. chavezi, which were molecularly confirmed by a PCR targeting the ITS2 plus 5.8S and 28S rDNA flanking regions and amplicon sequencing. Eighteen weeks after administration of a single dose of eprinomectin (0.2 mg/kg i.m.), no further L. chavezi eggs were detected in the feces. The source of infection could not be traced back. The entire herd consisted of llamas bred in Switzerland. L. chavezi has been rarely reported outside South America, but its potential for pathogenicity and establishment should not be underestimated. Fecal sedimentation/flotation techniques should be routinely performed to ensure early detection of the parasite.
查氏副柔线虫是一种专门感染南美驼科动物的肠-肝型强旋线虫。该寄生虫仅在少数几次非南美地区的报道中出现过。由于其在肝脏内移行，会导致广泛的肝损伤，引发肉芽肿性和纤维性肝炎，并表现出昏睡、食欲不振，甚至死亡。我们报告了在欧洲的第二例和在瑞士的首例查氏副柔线虫感染病例。患者是一只三岁的去势雄性羊驼（Lama glama）。临床检查显示肛门有血性黏液分泌物。粪便沉淀/浮选显示出与查氏副柔线虫一致的强旋虫卵，这些虫卵通过针对 ITS2 加 5.8S 和 28S rDNA 侧翼区的 PCR 以及扩增子测序得到了分子确认。在单次肌肉注射伊维菌素（0.2 mg/kg）18 周后，粪便中未再检测到查氏副柔线虫卵。感染源无法追溯。整个畜群由在瑞士繁殖的羊驼组成。查氏副柔线虫在南美以外地区很少有报道，但它的致病性和定殖潜力不应被低估。应常规进行粪便沉淀/浮选技术，以确保早期发现寄生虫。
