National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China.
National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China.
J Environ Manage. 2024 Aug;366:121801. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121801. Epub 2024 Jul 15.
Microplastics (MPs) are prevalent in diverse environmental settings, posing a threat to plants and animals in the water and soil and even human health, and eventually converged in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), threatening the stable operation of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox). Consequently, a comprehensive summary of their impacts on anammox and the underlying mechanisms must be provided. This article reviews the sources and removal efficiency of MPs in WWTPs, as well as the influencing factors and mechanisms on anammox systems. Numerous studies have demonstrated that MPs in the environment can enter WWTPs via domestic wastewater, rainwater, and industrial wastewater discharges. More than 90% of these MPs are found to accumulate in the sludge following their passage through the treatment units of the WWTPs, affecting the characteristics of the sludge and the efficiency of the microorganisms treating the wastewater. The key parameters of MPs, encompassing concentration, particle size, and type, exert a notable influence on the nitrogen removal efficiency, physicochemical characteristics of sludge, and microbial community structure in anammox systems. It is noteworthy that extracellular polymer secretion (EPS) and reactive oxygen stress (ROS) are important impact mechanisms by which MPs exposure affects anammox systems. In addition, the influence of MPs exposure on the microbial community structure of anammox cells represents a crucial mechanism that demands attention. Future research endeavors will delve into additional crucial parameters of MPs, such as shape and aging, to investigate their effects and mechanisms on anammox. Furthermore, the effective mitigation strategies will also be developed. The paper provides a fresh insight to reveal the influences of MPs exposure on the anammox process and its influence mechanisms, and lays the groundwork for further exploration into the influence of MPs on anammox and potential mitigation strategies.
微塑料（MPs）广泛存在于各种环境中，对水和土壤中的动植物以及人类健康构成威胁，最终汇集到污水处理厂（WWTPs），威胁到厌氧氨氧化（anammox）的稳定运行。因此，必须全面总结它们对 anammox 的影响及其潜在机制。本文综述了 WWTPs 中 MPs 的来源和去除效率，以及对 anammox 系统的影响因素和机制。大量研究表明，环境中的 MPs 可通过生活污水、雨水和工业废水排放进入 WWTPs。这些 MPs 中有超过 90%被发现积聚在 WWTPs 处理单元后的污泥中，影响污泥特性和废水处理微生物的效率。 MPs 的关键参数，包括浓度、粒径和类型，对 anammox 系统的氮去除效率、污泥的物理化学特性和微生物群落结构有显著影响。值得注意的是，胞外聚合物分泌（EPS）和活性氧应激（ROS）是 MPs 暴露影响 anammox 系统的重要影响机制。此外，MPs 暴露对 anammox 细胞微生物群落结构的影响是一个需要关注的重要机制。未来的研究工作将深入研究 MPs 的其他关键参数，如形状和老化，以研究它们对 anammox 的影响及其机制。此外，还将开发有效的缓解策略。本文为揭示 MPs 暴露对 anammox 过程的影响及其影响机制提供了新的见解，并为进一步探讨 MPs 对 anammox 的影响和潜在缓解策略奠定了基础。
