Centre de Recherche en Sante de Nouna, Nouna, Burkina Faso.
Francis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, California.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2024 Jul 16;111(3):698-702. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.24-0016. Print 2024 Sep 4.
Single-dose azithromycin is being considered by the WHO as an intervention for prevention of child mortality. However, concerns have emerged related to longer term unintended consequences of early life antibiotic use, particularly among infants. We conducted a long-term follow-up in a random sample of children who had been enrolled in a trial of neonatal azithromycin versus placebo for prevention of mortality to assess whether neonatal azithromycin exposure led to differences in child growth up to 4 years of age. We found no evidence of a difference in any anthropometric outcome among children who had received a single oral dose of azithromycin compared with placebo during the neonatal period. These results do not support long-term growth-promoting or deleterious effects of early life azithromycin exposure.
世界卫生组织正在考虑将单剂量阿奇霉素作为预防儿童死亡的干预措施。然而，人们对早期使用抗生素的长期意外后果，特别是在婴儿中出现的后果表示担忧。我们对参加新生儿阿奇霉素与安慰剂预防死亡率试验的随机抽样儿童进行了长期随访，以评估新生儿阿奇霉素暴露是否导致 4 岁以下儿童的生长差异。我们没有发现新生儿期接受单次口服阿奇霉素治疗的儿童与安慰剂相比，在任何人体测量结果方面存在差异。这些结果不支持早期生活中阿奇霉素暴露具有长期促进生长或有害的影响。
