双重任务训练与功能训练对老年女性功能性体能同样有效：一项随机临床试验。
Dual-task training is as effective as functional training on the functional fitness of older women: a randomized clinical trial.
机构信息
Department of Physical Education, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil.
School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Newfoundland and Labrador, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Canada.
出版信息
BMC Geriatr. 2024 Jul 16;24(1):607. doi: 10.1186/s12877-024-05204-w.
BACKGROUND
The interest in approaches that improve older individuals' functional fitness and autonomy is increasing. However, the effects of dual-task training on older women's functional fitness and the comparison with the functional training approach are unclear. Therefore, we compared dual-task and functional training on the functional fitness of older women and the effects of three months of detraining.
METHODS
Sixty-one women performed 16 weeks of dual-task training or functional training. The functional fitness was measured pre-, post-training, and post-detraining, based on the ability to put on and take off a t-shirt, evaluating the mobility of the upper limb, standing-up from the prone position measuring the global functionality, five times sit-to-stand test to assess the lower limbs muscle power, timed up and go to measure the dynamic balance and agility, gallon-jug shelf-transfer to evaluate the global functionality emphasizing the upper limbs and 10 m walk test to analyze the gait ability.
RESULTS
Dual-task training and functional training generally provided significant small to moderate magnitude performance increases in the put on and take off a t-shirt (dual-task training: d = 0.35 / functional training: d = 0.49), five times sit-to-stand test (dual-task training: d = 0.41 / functional training: d = 0.77), timed up and go (dual-task training: d = 0.34 / functional training: d = 0.78), and gallon-jug shelf-transfer (dual-task training: d = 0.76 / functional training: d = 0.82). Only the functional training improved the 10 m walk test (d = 0.32; p = 0.013), and both groups did not change the standing-up from the prone position performance. After the detraining period, both groups kept the adaptations for the gallon-jug shelf-transfer and five times sit-to-stand test. At the same time, only the dual-task training maintained the adaptations for the put on and take off a t-shirt and the functional training for the timed up and go.
CONCLUSION
Sixteen weeks of dual-task and functional training are similarly effective in improving older women's functional fitness, maintaining their benefits even after three months of detraining.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
RBR-10ny848z ( https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-10ny848z ).
背景
提高老年人身体功能和自理能力的方法越来越受到关注。然而，双重任务训练对老年女性身体功能的影响以及与功能训练方法的比较尚不清楚。因此，我们比较了双重任务训练和功能训练对老年女性身体功能的影响，以及三个月脱训的效果。
方法
61 名女性接受了 16 周的双重任务训练或功能训练。根据穿脱 T 恤的能力、评估上肢活动度、从俯卧位站立测量整体功能、五次坐站测试评估下肢肌肉力量、计时站立测试评估动态平衡和敏捷性、加仑罐货架转移评估整体功能（强调上肢）和 10 米步行测试分析步态能力，对身体功能进行了预训练、训练后和脱训练后的测量。
结果
双重任务训练和功能训练通常使穿脱 T 恤（双重任务训练：d=0.35/功能训练：d=0.49）、五次坐站测试（双重任务训练：d=0.41/功能训练：d=0.77）、计时站立测试（双重任务训练：d=0.34/功能训练：d=0.78）和加仑罐货架转移（双重任务训练：d=0.76/功能训练：d=0.82）的表现显著提高，具有小到中等幅度。只有功能训练提高了 10 米步行测试（d=0.32；p=0.013），两组均未改变从俯卧位站立的表现。脱训期后，两组均保持了加仑罐货架转移和五次坐站测试的适应性。同时，只有双重任务训练保持了穿脱 T 恤的适应性，而功能训练保持了计时站立测试的适应性。
结论
16 周的双重任务和功能训练同样有效地提高了老年女性的身体功能，即使在三个月的脱训后，也能保持其益处。
试验注册
RBR-10ny848z（https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-10ny848z）。
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