Cavalcante Igor Eneas, de Melo Alberto Soares, Ferraz Rener Luciano de Souza, de Alencar Rayanne Silva, Dias Guilherme Felix, Viana Priscylla Marques de Oliveira, Rocha Maurisrael Moura, Ndhlala Ashwell Rungano, Sá Francisco Vanies da Silva, de Lacerda Claudivan Feitosa, Viégas Pedro Roberto Almeida
Posgraduate Program in Agricultural Sciences, State University of Paraiba, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil.
Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Pesquisa Agropecuária do Meio-Norte, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil.
Front Plant Sci. 2024 Jul 2;15:1415682. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1415682. eCollection 2024.
Salicylic acid has shown promise in alleviating water stress in cultivated plants. However, there is a lack of studies confirming its effectiveness in cowpea plants grown in field conditions. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate the use of salicylic acid as a water stress mitigator in cowpea cultivars under different irrigation depths in field conditions.
Four cowpea cultivars (BRS Novaera, BRS Tapaihum, BRS Pujante, and BRS Pajeú) were subjected to different treatments: control (W100: 100% replacement of crop evapotranspiration - ETc), W50 (50% of ETc), W50+SA2 (50% of ETc + 276 mg L of SA), and W50+SA4 (50% of ETc + 552 mg L of SA). The treatments were combined in a 4×4 factorial scheme with three replications, arranged in a randomized block design.
Water restriction had a negative impact on the water status, growth, gas exchange, and production of the cultivars while also leading to changes in the antioxidant metabolism and osmolyte concentration. The application of SA enhanced antioxidant activity and the synthesis of osmotic adjusters under stress conditions. The most effective concentration was 276 mg L in stage R2 and 552 mg L in stage V7, respectively. The BRS Pujante cultivar showed increased productivity under water restriction with SA application, while the BRS Tapaihum was the most tolerant among the cultivars studied.
In summary, our findings underscore the importance of using SA to mitigate the effects of water restriction on cowpea cultivation. These discoveries are crucial for the sustainability of cowpea production in regions susceptible to drought, which can contribute to food security. We further add that the adoption of new agricultural practices can enhance the resilience and productivity of cowpea as an essential and sustainable food source for vulnerable populations in various parts of the world.
水杨酸在缓解栽培植物的水分胁迫方面已显示出前景。然而，缺乏研究证实其在田间条件下种植的豇豆植株中的有效性。因此，本研究旨在评估在田间条件下，不同灌溉深度时，水杨酸作为豇豆品种水分胁迫缓解剂的使用情况。
四个豇豆品种（BRS Novaera、BRS Tapaihum、BRS Pujante和BRS Pajeú）接受不同处理：对照（W100：作物蒸发蒸腾量 - ETc的100%替代）、W50（ETc的50%）、W50+SA2（ETc的50% + 276毫克/升水杨酸）和W50+SA4（ETc的50% + 552毫克/升水杨酸）。这些处理采用4×4析因设计，重复三次，按随机区组设计排列。
水分限制对品种的水分状况、生长、气体交换和产量产生负面影响，同时还导致抗氧化代谢和渗透调节物质浓度发生变化。水杨酸的施用增强了胁迫条件下的抗氧化活性和渗透调节物质的合成。最有效的浓度分别在R2阶段为276毫克/升，在V7阶段为552毫克/升。BRS Pujante品种在水分限制下施用SA时产量增加，而BRS Tapaihum是所研究品种中最耐胁迫的。
总之，我们的研究结果强调了使用水杨酸减轻水分限制对豇豆种植影响的重要性。这些发现对于干旱易发地区豇豆生产的可持续性至关重要，有助于粮食安全。我们还补充说，采用新的农业实践可以增强豇豆作为世界各地弱势群体重要且可持续食物来源的恢复力和生产力。
