Puryear Curtis, Kubin Emily, Schein Chelsea, Bigman Yochanan E, Ekstrom Pierce, Gray Kurt
Department of Management and Organizations, Kellogg School of Management, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
PNAS Nexus. 2024 Jul 16;3(7):pgae244. doi: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae244. eCollection 2024 Jul.
Efforts to bridge political divides often focus on navigating complex and divisive issues, but eight studies reveal that we should also focus on a more basic misperception: that political opponents are willing to accept basic moral wrongs. In the United States, Democrats, and Republicans overestimate the number of political outgroup members who approve of blatant immorality (e.g. child pornography, embezzlement). This "basic morality bias" is tied to political dehumanization and is revealed by multiple methods, including natural language analyses from a large social media corpus and a survey with a representative sample of Americans. Importantly, the basic morality bias can be corrected with a brief, scalable intervention. Providing information that just one political opponent condemns blatant wrongs increases willingness to work with political opponents and substantially decreases political dehumanization.
弥合政治分歧的努力通常聚焦于应对复杂且具有分裂性的问题，但八项研究表明，我们还应关注一种更基本的误解：即政治对手愿意接受基本的道德错误行为。在美国，民主党人和共和党人都高估了政治外群体成员中认可公然不道德行为（如儿童色情、挪用公款）的人数。这种“基本道德偏见”与政治上的非人化相关，并且通过多种方法得以揭示，包括对一个大型社交媒体语料库的自然语言分析以及一项针对美国代表性样本的调查。重要的是，这种基本道德偏见可以通过一种简短且可扩展的干预措施得到纠正。提供仅仅有一名政治对手谴责公然错误行为的信息，会增加与政治对手合作的意愿，并大幅减少政治上的非人化现象。
