Department of Renal and Endocrinology, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical.
Department of Mongolian Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University.
J Oleo Sci. 2024 Aug 1;73(8):1057-1067. doi: 10.5650/jos.ess24056. Epub 2024 Jul 17.
Recent global scientific attention has been directed towards eco-friendly synthesis and versatile applications of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) due to their effectiveness against specific cells and tissues. This study aimed to develop a green synthesis method for AgNPs using ethanolic extract from Salvia sclarea aerial parts, and to assess their protective efficacy against streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic nephropathy in rats. Additionally, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and apoptosis studies were conducted to understand their mode of action. Characterization via ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, infrared (IR) spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the formation of ethanol extract of Salvia sclarea silver nanoparticles (EESS AgNPs), with a distinctive absorption peak at 400 nm. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed predominantly spherical and quasi-spherical shapes of the synthesized nanoparticles. The treatment procedure spanned for a period of 12 weeks in diabetic rats and were evaluated for inflammatory markers (tumor necrosis factor-α, antioxidant markers (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione (GSH) and apoptosis markers (Bcl-2, Bax, cleaved-caspase-3). Results demonstrated that treatment with EESS AgNPs significantly reduced blood glucose levels compared to the diabetic group. Additionally, EESS AgNPs treatment led to a significant decrease in levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and PKC-ꞵ in renal cells. Furthermore, EESS AgNPs effectively modulated antioxidant enzyme concentrations, including GSH, SOD, GPx, and CAT, bringing them to acceptable levels. Administration of EESS AgNPs also resulted in a significant decrease in protein levels of Bax and activated caspase-3, while increasing expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 in renal cells of STZ-induced diabetic rats. In conclusion, EESS AgNPs demonstrate potent anti-hyperglycemic effects, potentially mitigating diabetic nephropathy by suppressing hyperglycemiainduced oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation in renal cells of diabetic rats.
最近,由于银纳米粒子(AgNPs)对特定细胞和组织的有效性,全球科学界的注意力都集中在其环保合成和多功能应用上。本研究旨在使用薰衣草地上部分的乙醇提取物开发一种银纳米粒子的绿色合成方法,并评估其对链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导的糖尿病大鼠肾病的保护作用。此外,还进行了抗氧化、抗炎和细胞凋亡研究,以了解其作用机制。通过紫外-可见(UV-Vis)光谱、红外(IR)光谱和 X 射线衍射(XRD)对其进行了表征,证实形成了薰衣草乙醇提取物银纳米粒子(EESS AgNPs),在 400nm 处有一个独特的吸收峰。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析显示,合成的纳米粒子主要呈球形和准球形。在糖尿病大鼠中,治疗过程持续了 12 周,并对其进行了炎症标志物(肿瘤坏死因子-α)、抗氧化标志物(超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPx)和谷胱甘肽(GSH))和凋亡标志物(Bcl-2、Bax、裂解型半胱天冬酶-3)的评估。结果表明,与糖尿病组相比,用 EESS AgNPs 治疗可显著降低血糖水平。此外,EESS AgNPs 治疗可显著降低肾细胞中促炎细胞因子 TNF-α、IL-1β 和 PKC-ꞵ的水平。此外,EESS AgNPs 还能有效地调节抗氧化酶浓度,包括 GSH、SOD、GPx 和 CAT,使它们达到可接受的水平。EESS AgNPs 的给药还导致 STZ 诱导的糖尿病大鼠肾细胞中 Bax 和活化的半胱天冬酶-3 的蛋白水平显著降低,同时增加了抗凋亡蛋白 Bcl-2 的表达。总之,EESS AgNPs 具有显著的抗高血糖作用,通过抑制高血糖诱导的氧化应激、细胞凋亡和炎症,可能减轻糖尿病大鼠的肾病。