Ozoh Obianuju B, Ndimande Nqobile, Amaral Andre F S, Lesosky Maia, Mbonigaba Josue, Stolbrink Marie, Zurba Lindsey, Ayo-Olagunju Tochukwu, Kayembe-Kitenge Tony, Lakoh Suliaman, Mocumbi Ana, Mohammed Jibril, Nantanda Rebecca, Nunes Elizabete, Ouédraogo Abdoul Risgou, Owusu Sandra, Sibomana Jean Pierre, Masekela Refiloe, Mortimer Kevin
Department of Medicine, University of Lagos College of Medicine, Lagos, Nigeria
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, Durban, South Africa.
BMJ Open Respir Res. 2024 Jul 17;11(1):e002416. doi: 10.1136/bmjresp-2024-002416.
Contemporary data on the burden of chronic respiratory diseases in sub-Saharan Africa is limited. More so, their economic burden is not well described. This study aims to establish a chronic respiratory disease observatory for Africa. Specific study aims are (1) to describe the prevalence and determinants of asthma with a target to screen up to 4000 children and adolescents across four African cities; (2) to determine the prevalence and determinants of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with a target to screen up to 3000 adults (≥18 years) across five African cities; (3) to describe the disease burden by assessing the frequency and severity of symptoms and exacerbations, medication use, emergency healthcare utilisation and hospitalisation; and (4) to assess the economic burden and affordability of the medicines for these diseases.
Surveys will be conducted in schools to identify children and adolescents with asthma using the Global Asthma Network screening questionnaire in Ghana, Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Uganda. Community surveys will be conducted among adults using an adapted version of the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease Questionnaire to identify persons with COPD symptoms in Nigeria, Burkina Faso, Mozambique, Rwanda, and Sierra Leone. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide and pre-bronchodilator and post-bronchodilator spirometry will be done for children with asthma or asthma symptoms and for all adult participants. Children and adults with respiratory symptoms or diagnoses will complete the health economic questionnaires. Statistical analysis will involve descriptive and analytical statistics to determine outcomes.
Ethical approval has been obtained from participating institutions. This study's results will inform deliberations at the United Nations General Assembly high-level meeting on non-communicable diseases in 2025. The results will be shared through academic conferences and journals and communicated to the schools and the communities.
关于撒哈拉以南非洲地区慢性呼吸道疾病负担的当代数据有限。更确切地说，其经济负担并未得到充分描述。本研究旨在为非洲建立一个慢性呼吸道疾病观测站。具体研究目标如下：（1）描述哮喘的患病率及其决定因素，目标是在四个非洲城市筛查多达4000名儿童和青少年；（2）确定慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的患病率及其决定因素，目标是在五个非洲城市筛查多达3000名成年人（≥18岁）；（3）通过评估症状和急性加重的频率及严重程度、药物使用情况、紧急医疗保健利用情况和住院情况来描述疾病负担；（4）评估这些疾病的经济负担以及药物的可负担性。
将在学校开展调查，使用全球哮喘网络筛查问卷在加纳、尼日利亚、刚果民主共和国和乌干达识别患有哮喘的儿童和青少年。将在社区对成年人进行调查，使用慢性阻塞性肺疾病负担问卷的改编版在尼日利亚、布基纳法索、莫桑比克、卢旺达和塞拉利昂识别有COPD症状的人。将对患有哮喘或有哮喘症状的儿童以及所有成年参与者进行呼出一氧化氮分数测定以及支气管扩张剂使用前和使用后的肺量测定。有呼吸道症状或诊断的儿童和成年人将完成健康经济问卷。统计分析将包括描述性和分析性统计以确定结果。
已获得参与机构的伦理批准。本研究结果将为2025年联合国大会非传染性疾病问题高级别会议的审议提供参考。研究结果将通过学术会议和期刊分享，并传达给学校和社区。
