Dept of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK.
Eur Respir J. 2022 Sep 15;60(3). doi: 10.1183/13993003.02865-2021. Print 2022 Sep.
Asthma, hay fever and eczema are three common chronic conditions. There have been no recent multi-country data on the burden of these three conditions in adults; the aims of this study are to fill this evidence gap.
The Global Asthma Network Phase I is a multi-country cross-sectional population-based study using the same core methodology as the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood Phase III. It provides data on the burden of asthma, hay fever and eczema in children and adolescents, and, for the first time, in their parents/guardians.
Data were available from 193 912 adults (104 061 female; mean±sd age 38±7.5 years) in 43 centres in 17 countries. The overall prevalence (range) of symptoms was 6.6% (0.9-32.7%) for current wheeze, 4.4% (0.9-29.0%) for asthma ever, 14.4% (2.8-45.7%) for hay fever ever and 9.9% (1.6-29.5%) for eczema ever. Centre prevalence varied considerably both between countries and within countries. There was a moderate correlation between hay fever ever and asthma ever, and between eczema ever and hay fever ever at the centre level. There were moderate to strong correlations between indicators of the burden of disease reported in adults and the two younger age groups.
We found evidence for a substantial burden of asthma, hay fever ever and eczema ever in the countries examined, highlighting the major public health importance of these diseases. Prevention strategies and equitable access to effective and affordable treatments for these three conditions would help mitigate the avoidable morbidity they cause.
哮喘、花粉热和湿疹是三种常见的慢性疾病。目前尚无关于这些疾病在成年人中负担的最新多国数据；本研究旨在填补这一证据空白。
全球哮喘网络阶段 I 是一项多国家、基于人群的横断面研究，采用与国际儿童哮喘和过敏研究阶段 III 相同的核心方法。它提供了儿童和青少年哮喘、花粉热和湿疹负担的数据，并且首次提供了其父母/监护人的数据。
来自 17 个国家 43 个中心的 193912 名成年人（104061 名女性；平均年龄±标准差 38±7.5 岁）的数据可用。目前喘息的总体患病率（范围）为 6.6%（0.9-32.7%），既往哮喘的患病率为 4.4%（0.9-29.0%），既往花粉热的患病率为 14.4%（2.8-45.7%），既往湿疹的患病率为 9.9%（1.6-29.5%）。中心间的患病率差异很大，不仅在国家之间，而且在国家内部也是如此。既往花粉热与既往哮喘之间存在中度相关性，既往湿疹与既往花粉热之间存在中度相关性。在中心水平上，成人报告的疾病负担指标与两个年轻年龄组之间存在中度到高度相关性。
我们发现，在所检查的国家中，哮喘、花粉热和湿疹的负担很大，这突出表明这些疾病具有重大的公共卫生重要性。预防策略和公平获得针对这三种疾病的有效和负担得起的治疗方法，将有助于减轻它们所造成的可避免的发病率。
