Foss Kari D, Billhymer Audrey C
Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States.
Front Vet Sci. 2024 Jul 3;11:1427403. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1427403. eCollection 2024.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in an integral part of the diagnostic workup in canines with idiopathic epilepsy (IE). While highly sensitive and specific in identifying structural lesions, conventional MRI is unable to detect changes at the microscopic level. Utilizing more advanced neuroimaging techniques may provide further information on changes at the neuronal level in the brain of canines with IE, thus providing crucial information on the pathogenesis of canine epilepsy. Additionally, earlier detection of these changes may aid clinicians in the development of improved and targeted therapies. Advances in MRI techniques are being developed which can assess metabolic, cellular, architectural, and functional alterations; as well alterations in neuronal tissue mechanical properties, some of which are currently being applied in research on canine IE. This mini-review focuses on novel MRI techniques being utilized to better understand canine epilepsy, which include magnetic resonance spectroscopy, diffusion-weighted imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, perfusion-weighted imaging, voxel based morphometry, and functional MRI; as well as techniques applied in human medicine and their potential use in veterinary species.
磁共振成像（MRI）是特发性癫痫（IE）犬类诊断检查不可或缺的一部分。虽然传统MRI在识别结构性病变方面具有高度敏感性和特异性，但它无法检测微观层面的变化。利用更先进的神经成像技术可能会提供有关IE犬大脑神经元水平变化的更多信息，从而为犬癫痫的发病机制提供关键信息。此外，这些变化的早期检测可能有助于临床医生开发改进的靶向治疗方法。目前正在开发MRI技术的进展，这些技术可以评估代谢、细胞、结构和功能改变；以及神经元组织力学特性的改变，其中一些目前正在应用于犬IE的研究中。本综述聚焦于用于更好理解犬癫痫的新型MRI技术，包括磁共振波谱、扩散加权成像、扩散张量成像、灌注加权成像、基于体素的形态学测量和功能MRI；以及应用于人类医学的技术及其在兽医物种中的潜在用途。
