银屑病、扁平苔藓和线状苔藓的皮肤镜下指甲改变
Dermoscopic Nail Changes in Psoriasis, Lichen Planus, and Lichen Striatus.
作者信息
Sar-Pomian Marta, Starace Michela V R, Lencastre Andrè, Piraccini Bianca Maria, Richert Bertrand, Rudnicka Lidia, Trakatelli Myrto Georgia, Iorizzo Matilde
机构信息
Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Dermatology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospendaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
出版信息
Skin Appendage Disord. 2024 Aug;10(4):273-292. doi: 10.1159/000538581. Epub 2024 May 8.
BACKGROUND
Onychoscopy is a noninvasive method helpful in diagnosing nail disorders. The aim of the study was to review literature on the usability of onychoscopy in nail psoriasis, nail lichen planus, and nail lichen striatus.
SUMMARY
Onychoscopic features of nail psoriasis are pitting, onycholysis with erythematous border, salmon patches, splinter hemorrhages, dotted vessels in lateral and proximal folds, and hyponychium. Onychoscopic features of nail lichen planus are onychorrhexis, onycholysis, longitudinal melanonychia, and red lunula. The literature on the usability of onychoscopy in nail lichen striatus is scarce.
KEYNOTES
Onychoscopy facilitates evaluation of nail abnormalities compared to the clinical examination. Lunular alterations, salmon patches, erythematous border of onycholysis as well as splinter hemorrhages in nail psoriasis are better visualized with onychoscopy compared to the naked eye. Onychoscopy enhances detection of melanonychia, dyschromia, and lunular changes in nail lichen planus. Onychoscopic features are different in fingernails and toenails.
背景
甲襞微循环检查是一种有助于诊断指甲疾病的非侵入性方法。本研究的目的是回顾关于甲襞微循环检查在指甲银屑病、扁平苔藓和线状苔藓中应用的文献。
总结
指甲银屑病的甲襞微循环检查特征包括凹点、伴有红斑边缘的甲分离、鲑鱼斑、裂片样出血、侧方和近端皱襞及甲下的点状血管。扁平苔藓的甲襞微循环检查特征包括甲纵裂、甲分离、纵向黑甲和红色甲半月。关于甲襞微循环检查在线状苔藓中应用的文献较少。
要点
与临床检查相比，甲襞微循环检查有助于评估指甲异常。与肉眼相比，甲襞微循环检查能更好地观察到指甲银屑病中的甲半月改变、鲑鱼斑、甲分离的红斑边缘以及裂片样出血。甲襞微循环检查可提高扁平苔藓中黑甲、色素沉着异常和甲半月改变的检出率。手指甲和脚趾甲的甲襞微循环检查特征有所不同。
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