Arbel Reout
Department of Counseling and Human Development, Faculty of Education, University of Haifa.
Emotion. 2024 Dec;24(8):1885-1898. doi: 10.1037/emo0001377. Epub 2024 Jul 18.
Parental support for adolescent emotion regulation is critical for adolescents' health. Yet, little is known about parents' daily support of adolescents' emotion regulation. This study aimed to typify daily co-parent supportive extrinsic emotion regulation (EER) profiles directed toward adolescents' daily distress and anger. The sample comprised 153 adolescent-parent triads; adolescents' mean age, 15.71 years ( = 1.53), 51% girls. Over 7 consecutive days, adolescents self-reported their distress and anger, while parents reported their own negative emotions and their perception of the adolescent's negative emotions. Parents also reported daily on their utilization of seven supportive EER strategies, including problem- and emotion-focused strategies. Multilevel latent profile analysis (MLPA) identified four day-level profiles of parental EER; "low" (40% of days), reflecting low EER efforts of both parents across all EER strategies: "high" (12%), reflecting high EER involvement of both parents across all strategies; "mother-high father-low" (26%), reflecting mothers' high and fathers' low use of all strategies; "father-high mother-average" (22%), reflecting fathers' high use of all strategies, and mothers' low to average use of all strategies. The likelihood of specific EER profiles across days did not associate with daily changes in adolescents' anger. However, on days when adolescents felt more distress, the likelihood of a "high" parental EER profile was significantly greater than "low." Findings suggest a dynamic repertoire of co-parent EER profiles, responsive to adolescent heartfelt emotions but not hostility. The lack of parental EER of adolescents' anger might put adolescents at increased risk for anger escalation and the unhealthy discharge of anger. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
父母对青少年情绪调节的支持对青少年的健康至关重要。然而，对于父母在日常生活中对青少年情绪调节的支持，我们所知甚少。本研究旨在对父母共同为应对青少年日常痛苦和愤怒而提供的支持性外在情绪调节（EER）模式进行分类。样本包括153个青少年-父母三人组；青少年的平均年龄为15.71岁（标准差 = 1.53），其中51%为女孩。在连续7天的时间里，青少年自我报告他们的痛苦和愤怒，而父母报告自己的负面情绪以及他们对青少年负面情绪的感知。父母还每天报告他们对七种支持性EER策略的使用情况，包括以问题为中心和以情绪为中心的策略。多层次潜在剖面分析（MLPA）确定了父母EER的四种日水平模式；“低”（40%的天数），反映了父母双方在所有EER策略上的低EER努力；“高”（12%），反映了父母双方在所有策略上的高EER参与度；“母亲高父亲低”（26%），反映了母亲对所有策略的高使用和父亲的低使用；“父亲高母亲平均”（22%），反映了父亲对所有策略的高使用以及母亲对所有策略的低到平均使用。特定EER模式在不同日子出现的可能性与青少年愤怒情绪的日常变化无关。然而，在青少年感到更痛苦的日子里，父母EER模式为“高”的可能性显著大于“低”。研究结果表明，父母共同的EER模式具有动态性，能对青少年内心的情绪而非敌意做出反应。父母对青少年愤怒情绪缺乏EER可能会使青少年愤怒升级和愤怒不健康宣泄的风险增加。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2024美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
