Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, P. O. Box 57, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.
Finnish Kennel Club, Valimotie 17-19, Helsinki, Finland.
Acta Vet Scand. 2024 Jul 18;66(1):35. doi: 10.1186/s13028-024-00755-9.
BACKGROUND: Brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS), observed in many flat-faced dog breeds, is one of the most urgent welfare problems in pedigree dogs. Various breeding schemes against BOAS have been implemented in many countries during recent years, but their impact on breed health remains unknown. The BOAS breeding test, used by the Finnish Kennel Club (FKC), includes an exercise component with a recovery assessment, BOAS grading by a veterinarian that evaluates upper respiratory signs before and after exercise, and a nostril stenosis assessment. The aim of our study was to evaluate BOAS breeding test results and estimate the heritability of the BOAS grade using parent-offspring regression from FKC data collected during 2017-2022. RESULTS: The majority (80%) of dogs (n = 957) participating in FKC BOAS testing were English Bulldogs, French Bulldogs, and Pugs. In 2022, 89-100% of the litters from these three breeds registered with the FKC had at least one parent tested for BOAS. The proportion of dogs failing the exercise test was highest in English Bulldogs (11%), followed by French Bulldogs (4%) and Pugs (3%). In these three breeds, moderate to severe BOAS signs were reported in 28%, 22% and 30% of dogs, respectively. The proportion of moderate to severe nostril stenosis was highest (71%) in Pugs, followed by French Bulldogs (55%), and English Bulldogs (40%). Estimates of heritability for BOAS grade were separately calculated for these three breeds and for all dogs, and the estimates were moderate to high, ranging from 0.39 to 0.58. CONCLUSIONS: The exercise test alone did not sufficiently identify dogs with moderate to severe BOAS signs. To better consider the complex nature of BOAS and breed differences, exercise tolerance, the severity of upper respiratory signs (BOAS grade) and nostril stenosis should all be assessed together in breeding animals. The heritability estimates for veterinary-assessed BOAS grade indicated that BOAS grade could be used in selective breeding to obtain less-affected offspring.
背景：短头气道阻塞综合征（BOAS）在许多扁脸犬种中较为常见，是纯种犬中最紧迫的福利问题之一。近年来，许多国家都实施了各种针对 BOAS 的繁育计划，但它们对品种健康的影响仍不清楚。芬兰养犬俱乐部（FKC）使用的 BOAS 繁育测试包括一项带有恢复评估的运动部分、兽医在运动前后对上呼吸道症状进行评估的 BOAS 分级，以及鼻孔狭窄评估。我们的研究目的是评估 FKC 在 2017-2022 年期间收集的数据中的 BOAS 繁育测试结果，并使用亲子回归来估计 BOAS 等级的遗传力。
结果：参加 FKC BOAS 测试的大多数犬（80%，n=957）为英国斗牛犬、法国斗牛犬和哈巴狗。2022 年，在 FKC 注册的这三个品种的犬中，有 89-100%的犬窝至少有一只父母接受 BOAS 测试。在英国斗牛犬中，未能通过运动测试的犬比例最高（11%），其次是法国斗牛犬（4%）和哈巴狗（3%）。在这三个品种中，分别有 28%、22%和 30%的犬报告有中度至重度 BOAS 症状。在哈巴狗中，中度至重度鼻孔狭窄的比例最高（71%），其次是法国斗牛犬（55%）和英国斗牛犬（40%）。我们分别为这三个品种以及所有犬计算了 BOAS 等级的遗传力估计值，这些估计值在中度到高度之间，范围为 0.39 至 0.58。
结论：单独的运动测试并不能充分识别出有中度至重度 BOAS 症状的犬。为了更好地考虑 BOAS 的复杂性和品种差异，在繁殖动物中应同时评估运动耐受力、上呼吸道症状（BOAS 等级）的严重程度和鼻孔狭窄程度。兽医评估的 BOAS 等级的遗传力估计表明，BOAS 等级可用于选择性繁殖，以获得受影响较小的后代。
Front Vet Sci. 2020-7-24
Acta Vet Scand. 2020-5-12
J Comp Pathol. 2020-4
PLoS One. 2019-12-16
Zotero 插件
