Roberts Gabrielle, Vrajitoarea Andrei, Saxberg Brendan, Panetta Margaret G, Simon Jonathan, Schuster David I
Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Center for Quantum Information Physics, Department of Physics, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
Sci Adv. 2024 Jul 19;10(29):eado1069. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.ado1069.
Characterizing strongly correlated matter is an increasingly central challenge in quantum science, where structure is often obscured by massive entanglement. It is becoming clear that in the quantum regime, state preparation and characterization should not be treated separately-entangling the two processes provides a quantum advantage in information extraction. Here, we present an approach that we term "manybody Ramsey interferometry" that combines adiabatic state preparation and Ramsey spectroscopy: Leveraging our recently developed one-to-one mapping between computational-basis states and manybody eigenstates, we prepare a superposition of manybody eigenstates controlled by the state of an ancilla qubit, allow the superposition to evolve relative phase, and then reverse the preparation protocol to disentangle the ancilla while localizing phase information back into it. Ancilla tomography then extracts information about the manybody eigenstates, the associated excitation spectrum, and thermodynamic observables. This work illustrates the potential for using quantum computers to efficiently probe quantum matter.
表征强关联物质是量子科学中一个日益核心的挑战，在量子科学中，结构常常被大量纠缠所掩盖。越来越明显的是，在量子领域，态制备和表征不应被分开处理——将这两个过程纠缠在一起在信息提取方面提供了量子优势。在此，我们提出一种我们称之为“多体拉姆齐干涉测量法”的方法，该方法结合了绝热态制备和拉姆齐光谱学：利用我们最近开发的计算基态与多体本征态之间的一一映射，我们制备由辅助量子比特的状态控制的多体本征态的叠加态，使叠加态演化相对相位，然后反转制备协议以解开辅助量子比特，同时将相位信息定位回辅助量子比特中。辅助量子比特层析成像随后提取有关多体本征态、相关激发光谱和热力学可观测量的信息。这项工作说明了使用量子计算机有效探测量子物质的潜力。
