Department of Pathology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Diagn Cytopathol. 2024 Nov;52(11):E242-E247. doi: 10.1002/dc.25374. Epub 2024 Jun 21.
Renal primitive neuroectodermal tumor(rPNET) is an extremely rare and distinct entity that can be mistaken for a variety of other round cell tumors. Findings from fine needle aspiration cytology have been reported, but there have been no reports of PNET cytomorphological features in urine cytology specimen. Here, we report a case of PNET characterized by urine cytology. A 24-year-old girl presented with hematuria for half a month. Computed tomography showed a large tumor involving the upper pole of the right kidney. Urinary cytology exhibited highly cellular clusters composed of small, round, atypical cells with little cytoplasm and a high nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio. Following a right nephrectomy, the biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of rPNET. Additionally, immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining of the decolorized liquid-based cytology slide was positive for CD99, further confirming the diagnosis through urine cytology. Our observations suggest that urinary cytology in combination with cytological morphology and immunocytochemistry may be a potentially useful method for the detection of PNET.
肾原始神经外胚层肿瘤(rPNET)是一种极其罕见且独特的实体肿瘤，容易与多种其他小圆细胞肿瘤混淆。已有关于细针抽吸细胞学检查结果的报道，但在尿细胞学标本中尚未有 PNET 细胞学特征的报道。在此，我们报告一例以尿细胞学为特征的 PNET 病例。一名 24 岁女性因血尿半月余就诊。计算机断层扫描显示一个累及右肾上极的大肿瘤。尿细胞学显示由小而圆、非典型的细胞组成的高度细胞簇，细胞质较少，核质比高。行右肾切除术，活检证实为 rPNET。此外，去色液基细胞学涂片的免疫组织化学(IHC)染色 CD99 阳性，通过尿细胞学进一步确诊。我们的观察表明，尿细胞学结合细胞学形态和免疫细胞化学可能是检测 PNET 的一种潜在有用方法。
