Ko Young Gun
Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Sangmyung University, Hongjimun 2-gil 20, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03016, Republic of Korea.
Chemosphere. 2024 Sep;363:142909. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142909. Epub 2024 Jul 20.
A lot of research has been focused on increasing the specific surface area of adsorbents over a long period of time to remove heavy metal ions from wastewater using the adsorbent. However, porous adsorbents with high specific surface area have demonstrated drawbacks in water purification processes, such as high pressure drop and limitations in the adsorption capacity of heavy metal ions. In recent years, a mechanism-based convergence method involving adsorption/chemical precipitation has emerged as a promising strategy to surmount the constraints associated with porous adsorbents. The mechanism involves amine groups on chelating fibers dissociating OH ions from water molecules, thereby raising the pH near the fibers. This elevated pH promotes the crystallization of heavy metal ions on the fiber surfaces. The removal of heavy metal ions proceeds through a sequence of adsorption and chemical precipitation processes. An adsorbent based on chelating fibers, integrating adsorption technology with chemical precipitation, demonstrates superior performance in removing significant quantities of heavy metal ions (ca. 1000-2000 mg/g for Cd, Cu and Pb) when compared to developed porous adsorbents (ca. 50-760 mg/g for same ions). This review paper introduces advanced polymer fibers endowed with the capability to integrate hybrid technology, delves into the mechanism of hybrid technology, and examines its application in process technology for the effective removal of heavy metal ions. The versatility of these advanced fibers extends far beyond the removal of heavy metal ions in water treatment, making them poised to garner significant attention from researchers across diverse fields due to their broad range of potential applications. After further processes involving the removal of templates from chelating polymeric fibers used as supports and the reduction of precipitated heavy metal oxide crystals, the resulting heavy metal crystals can exhibit thin walls and well-interconnected porous structures, suitable for catalytic applications.
长期以来，大量研究致力于提高吸附剂的比表面积，以利用吸附剂从废水中去除重金属离子。然而，具有高比表面积的多孔吸附剂在水净化过程中表现出一些缺点，如高压降和重金属离子吸附容量的局限性。近年来，一种基于吸附/化学沉淀的机制收敛方法已成为克服与多孔吸附剂相关限制的有前景策略。该机制涉及螯合纤维上的胺基团使水分子中的OH离子解离，从而提高纤维附近的pH值。这种升高的pH值促进重金属离子在纤维表面结晶。重金属离子的去除通过一系列吸附和化学沉淀过程进行。与已开发的多孔吸附剂（相同离子的吸附量约为50 - 760mg/g）相比，基于螯合纤维的吸附剂将吸附技术与化学沉淀相结合，在去除大量重金属离子（镉、铜和铅的吸附量约为1000 - 2000mg/g）方面表现出卓越性能。本文综述介绍了具有整合混合技术能力的先进聚合物纤维，深入探讨了混合技术的机制，并研究了其在有效去除重金属离子的工艺技术中的应用。这些先进纤维的多功能性远远超出了水处理中去除重金属离子的范畴，由于其广泛的潜在应用，它们有望引起各个领域研究人员的极大关注。经过从用作载体的螯合聚合物纤维中去除模板以及还原沉淀的重金属氧化物晶体的进一步处理后，所得的重金属晶体可呈现薄壁和相互连通良好的多孔结构，适用于催化应用。
