Reproduction and Developmental Biology Group, Institute of Marine Research (IMR), Matre Aquaculture Research Station, Matredal, Norway.
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
J Fish Biol. 2024 Oct;105(4):1189-1199. doi: 10.1111/jfb.15873. Epub 2024 Jul 21.
Current procedures to establish vertebral column regionalization (e.g., histology) in fish are time consuming and difficult to apply. The aim of this study was to develop a more rapid and accurate radiology-based method for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). A detailed analysis of 90 animals (4 kg) led to the establishment of region-specific radiographic hallmarks. To elucidate its transferability to other salmonid species, radiography was carried out in brown trout (Salmo trutta), Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus), rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha), and Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). This method was also evaluated for whole ungutted fish. The vertebral column of Atlantic salmon can be subdivided into five regions (R1-R5) based on anatomy: postcranial (R1, V1, and V2), abdominal (R2, V3-V26), transitional (R3, V27-V36), caudal (R4, V37-V53), and ural (R5, V54-V59). The following specific radiographic hallmarks allow the identification of regions: (i) lack of ribs in R1, (ii) modified parapophysis of the first vertebra of R3, (iii) prominent hemal spine of the first vertebra of R4, and (iv) the separated hemal spine of the most cranial pre-ural vertebra of R5. These hallmarks were all transferable to the other salmonid species assessed. The results include a further description of various region-specific characteristics in Atlantic salmon. The method was found applicable for sedated/whole ungutted fish, verifying it as quick and easy compared to other regionalization methods. The regions defined by radiology in this study agree with the vertebral column regions recently defined for Chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha). Thus, and considering the results of this study on various salmonid species, the currently developed regionalization protocol can be generally used for salmonids.
目前用于确定鱼类脊柱分区（例如组织学）的方法既耗时又难以应用。本研究旨在开发一种更快速、准确的基于放射学的大西洋鲑（Salmo salar）方法。对 90 条（4kg）鱼的详细分析导致了特定区域的放射学特征的建立。为了阐明其在其他鲑科鱼类中的可转移性，对褐鳟（Salmo trutta）、北极红点鲑（Salvelinus alpinus）、虹鳟（Oncorhynchus mykiss）、粉鲑（Oncorhynchus gorbuscha）和奇努克鲑（Oncorhynchus tshawytscha）进行了放射摄影。该方法还用于评估未去内脏的全鱼。根据解剖结构，大西洋鲑的脊柱可分为五个区域（R1-R5）：颅后（R1、V1 和 V2）、腹部（R2、V3-V26）、过渡（R3、V27-V36）、尾部（R4、V37-V53）和尾上（R5、V54-V59）。以下特定的放射学特征可用于识别区域：（i）R1 无肋骨，（ii）R3 第一椎骨的副突改变，（iii）R4 第一椎骨的血棘明显，（iv）R5 最颅上的前尾上椎骨的分离血棘。这些特征在评估的其他鲑科鱼类中均具有可转移性。研究结果包括对大西洋鲑各种特定区域特征的进一步描述。该方法适用于镇静/未去内脏的鱼，与其他分区方法相比，证明其快速且易于操作。本研究中通过放射学定义的区域与奇努克鲑（O. tshawytscha）最近定义的脊柱区域一致。因此，考虑到本研究在各种鲑科鱼类中的结果，目前开发的分区方案可广泛用于鲑科鱼类。
