Sheng Huaixuan, Li Huizhu, Li Shunyao, Yu Chengxuan, Wang Yueming, Hu Haichen, Fang Lu, Chen Fuchun, Lu Yanyan, Xu Xiaogang, Yang Xing, Chen Shiyi, Hao Yuefeng, Li Yunxia, Feng Sijia, Chen Jun
Sports Medicine Institute of Fudan University, Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital Fudan University Shanghai China.
Department of Anatomy and Physiology School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China.
Bioeng Transl Med. 2024 Mar 12;9(4):e10656. doi: 10.1002/btm2.10656. eCollection 2024 Jul.
Determining the precise course of bacterial infection requires abundant in vivo real-time data. Synchronous monitoring of the bacterial load, temperature, and immune response can satisfy the shortage of real-time in vivo data. Here, we conducted a study in the joint-infected mouse model to synchronously monitor the bacterial load, temperature, and immune response using the second near-infrared (NIR-II) fluorescence imaging, infrared thermography, and immune response analysis for 2 weeks. () was proved successfully labeled with glucose-conjugated quantum dots in vitro and in subcutaneous-infected model. The bacterial load indicated by NIR-II fluorescence imaging underwent a sharp drop at 1 day postinfection. At the same time, the temperature gap detected through infrared thermography synchronously brought by infection reached lowest value. Meanwhile, the flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that immune response including macrophage, neutrophil, B lymphocyte, and T lymphocyte increased to the peak at 1 day postinfection. Moreover, both M1 macrophage and M2 macrophage in the blood have an obvious change at ~ 1 day postinfection, and the change was opposite. In summary, this study not only obtained real-time and long-time in vivo data on the bacterial load, temperature gap, and immune response in the mice model of infection, but also found that 1 day postinfection was the key time point during immune response against infection. Our study will contribute to synchronously and precisely studying the complicated complex dynamic relationship after bacterial infection at the animal level.
确定细菌感染的精确过程需要大量的体内实时数据。对细菌载量、体温和免疫反应进行同步监测可以满足体内实时数据的不足。在此，我们在关节感染小鼠模型中进行了一项研究，使用二次近红外（NIR-II）荧光成像、红外热成像和免疫反应分析，对细菌载量、体温和免疫反应进行了为期2周的同步监测。（）在体外和皮下感染模型中已被葡萄糖共轭量子点成功标记。NIR-II荧光成像显示的细菌载量在感染后1天急剧下降。与此同时，通过红外热成像检测到的由感染同步带来的体温差达到最低值。同时，流式细胞术分析表明，包括巨噬细胞、中性粒细胞、B淋巴细胞和T淋巴细胞在内的免疫反应在感染后1天增加到峰值。此外，血液中的M1巨噬细胞和M2巨噬细胞在感染后约1天均有明显变化，且变化相反。总之，本研究不仅获得了感染小鼠模型中细菌载量、体温差和免疫反应的实时和长期体内数据，还发现感染后1天是对抗感染免疫反应的关键时间点。我们的研究将有助于在动物水平上同步、精确地研究细菌感染后复杂的动态关系。
