Vargas Durango Jennifer Alejandra, Mestre Carillo Gelys Igreth, Santamaria Herreño Erika, Beltran Ruiz Miguel Angel, Zapata Lesmes Angela Cristina, Muñoz Ortiz Astrid Geovana, Escobar Castro Jesús Eduardo
Escuela de Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad de La Salle, Bogotá D. C, Colombia.
Grupo de Entomología, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2024 Jul 22;18(7):e0011518. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011518. eCollection 2024 Jul.
Pintomyia longiflocosa is considered a vector of etiological agents of cutaneous leishmaniasis. The objective of this research was to establish the parameters of the life cycle of Pi. longiflocosa in semi-controlled conditions in a rural area of the Campoalegre municipality, Huila, Colombia.
METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: The life cycle of individuals of Pi. longiflocosa, obtained from two cohorts of collected, fed, and individualized females, was monitored during two different times of the year (between February and August 2020 and between July 2020 and January 2021, respectively). Determining parameters associated with the fertility and fecundity, time and attributes of development and survival, and its association with abiotic variables. The average duration of Cycle 1 (C1) and Cycle 2 (C2) was 134.9 and 148.78 days, respectively. The gonotrophic cycle of parental females presented significant differences (p-value <0.05) between C1 and C2 (8.47 and 11.42 days) as well as between fecundity and fertility parameters. The number of days it takes the development of the immature stages between the two cycles studied, also showed significant differences in the larvae II (15.21 and 22.23), larvae III (11.93 and 17.56), and pupae (24.48 and 22.9) stages. During C1, the survival rate was higher and consistent with the productivity of adult individuals (F1), compared to C2. Fecundity and fertility values were significantly higher in C2. Finally, a significant correlation between the number of individuals and temperature was evidenced in C1 while, for C2, there was a negative correlation with precipitation.
CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Significant differences were found in several biological and reproductive parameters between the two cycles monitored. The parameters of the life cycle of Pi. longiflocosa in its natural habitat would be influenced by environmental factors related to the annual seasonality in the sub-Andean rural area, conditioning the temporal distribution of this species and, consequently, the possible transmission of causative agents of cutaneous leishmaniasis.
长缨按蚊被认为是皮肤利什曼病病原体的传播媒介。本研究的目的是在哥伦比亚惠拉省坎波阿莱格雷市的一个农村地区，在半控制条件下确定长缨按蚊的生命周期参数。
方法/主要发现：从两组采集、喂食并单独饲养的雌性长缨按蚊中获取个体，在一年中的两个不同时间段（分别为2020年2月至8月以及2020年7月至2021年1月）监测其生命周期。确定与生育力和繁殖力、发育和存活的时间及特征相关的参数，以及其与非生物变量的关联。第1周期（C1）和第2周期（C2）的平均持续时间分别为134.9天和148.78天。亲代雌性的生殖营养周期在C1和C2之间（8.47天和11.42天）以及繁殖力和生育力参数之间存在显著差异（p值<0.05）。在研究的两个周期之间，未成熟阶段发育所需的天数在幼虫II期（15.21天和22.23天）、幼虫III期（11.93天和l7.56天）和蛹期（24.48天和22.9天）也显示出显著差异。与C2相比,C1期间的存活率更高，且与成年个体（F1）的生产力一致。C2中的繁殖力和生育力值显著更高。最后，在C1中个体数量与温度之间存在显著相关性，而对于C2，与降水量呈负相关。
结论/意义：在监测的两个周期之间，在几个生物学和生殖参数上发现了显著差异。长缨按蚊在其自然栖息地的生命周期参数将受到安第斯山脉农村地区年度季节性相关环境因素的影响，这决定了该物种的时间分布，从而影响皮肤利什曼病病原体的可能传播。
