Ramotowska S, Archambeau K, Augurzky P, Schlotterbeck F, Berberyan H S, Van Maanen L, Szymanik J
Institute for Logic, Language and Computation, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium.
Lang Cogn Neurosci. 2024 Apr 30;39(5):632-656. doi: 10.1080/23273798.2024.2345302. eCollection 2024.
The sentences " of the students passed the exam" and " of the students failed the exam" describe the same set of situations, and yet the former results in shorter reaction times in verification tasks. The two-step model explains this result by postulating that negative quantifiers contain hidden negation, which involves an extra processing stage. To test this theory, we applied a novel EEG analysis technique focused on detecting cognitive stages (HsMM-MVPA) to data from a picture-sentence verification task. We estimated the number of processing stages during reading and verification of quantified sentences (e.g. " of the dots are blue") that followed the presentation of pictures containing coloured geometric shapes. We did not find evidence for an extra step during the verification of sentences with . We provide an alternative interpretation of our results in line with an expectation-based pragmatic account.
“有……比例的学生通过了考试”和“有……比例的学生考试不及格”这两句话描述的是同一组情况，但在验证任务中，前者的反应时间更短。两步模型通过假设否定量词包含隐藏的否定来解释这一结果，这涉及到一个额外的处理阶段。为了验证这一理论，我们将一种专注于检测认知阶段的新型脑电图分析技术（HsMM-MVPA）应用于一个图片-句子验证任务的数据。我们估计了在呈现包含彩色几何形状的图片后，对量化句子（例如“有……比例的点是蓝色的”）进行阅读和验证时的处理阶段数量。我们没有找到在验证包含……的句子时存在额外步骤的证据。我们根据基于预期的语用解释对我们的结果提供了另一种解读。
