School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.
Key Laboratory of Maternal & Child Health and Exposure Science of Guizhou Higher Education Institutes, Zunyi, China.
Int J Psychiatry Med. 2024 Nov;59(6):711-726. doi: 10.1177/00912174241264671. Epub 2024 Jul 23.
The psychological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic have been shown to include anxiety. However, the association between demographic and physiological factors in COVID-19-associated anxiety symptoms is poorly understood. Therefore, the present cross-sectional study was conducted to examine anxiety symptoms and associated factors among patients with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant during the quarantine period in Shanghai.
The study was conducted between April 16, 2022, and May 21, 2022, at Fangcang Shelter Hospital in Shanghai, China. Data were collected using an anonymous online questionnaire. Demographic characteristics, respiratory symptoms, vaccine dose, comorbidities (such as hypertension and diabetes), type of work, and mental health symptoms were evaluated. Logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between anxiety symptoms and risk factors. Stratified analyses were performed to investigate potential interactions.
A total of 2132 patients with confirmed Omicron variant SARS-CoV-2 infection were enrolled. The results demonstrated that female gender (OR = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.11-1.94), nonmanual labor (OR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.25-2.09), respiratory symptoms (OR = 3.19, 95% CI = 2.30-4.43), and having other comorbidities (OR = 1.65, 95% = 1.09-2.50) were positively associated with anxiety symptoms. A significant interaction was found between gender and (a) nonmanual labor (OR = 1.54, 95% = 1.29-1.85), (b) respiratory symptoms (OR = 2.06, 95% = 1.72- 2.48), and (c) comorbidities (OR = 1.57, 95% = 1.16-2.12), such that the relationship with anxiety symptoms was stronger in women compared to men. There were also significant interactions between age group and (a) nonmanual labor (stronger in those ages >46) and (b) respiratory symptoms (stronger in those ages 36-45) regarding the association with anxiety symptoms.
Alleviation of respiratory symptoms, addressing comorbidities, and implementation of both psychological and psychopharmacological treatments may help reduce anxiety symptoms following infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in mainland China.
COVID-19 大流行的心理影响已被证明包括焦虑。然而，COVID-19 相关焦虑症状中人口统计学和生理因素之间的关联尚未被很好地理解。因此，本横断面研究旨在调查上海 SARS-CoV-2 奥密克戎变异株隔离期间患者的焦虑症状及其相关因素。
该研究于 2022 年 4 月 16 日至 2022 年 5 月 21 日在中国上海方仓庇护医院进行。使用匿名在线问卷收集数据。评估人口统计学特征、呼吸道症状、疫苗剂量、合并症（如高血压和糖尿病）、工作类型和心理健康症状。使用逻辑回归检查焦虑症状与危险因素之间的关系。进行分层分析以调查潜在的相互作用。
共纳入 2132 例确诊的奥密克戎变异株 SARS-CoV-2 感染患者。结果表明，女性（OR=1.47，95%CI=1.11-1.94）、非体力劳动（OR=1.62，95%CI=1.25-2.09）、呼吸道症状（OR=3.19，95%CI=2.30-4.43）和患有其他合并症（OR=1.65，95%CI=1.09-2.50）与焦虑症状呈正相关。在性别和（a）非体力劳动（OR=1.54，95%CI=1.29-1.85）、（b）呼吸道症状（OR=2.06，95%CI=1.72-2.48）和（c）合并症（OR=1.57，95%CI=1.16-2.12）之间发现了显著的相互作用，与男性相比，女性与焦虑症状的关系更强。在年龄组和（a）非体力劳动（年龄>46 时更强）和（b）呼吸道症状（年龄 36-45 时更强）之间也存在与焦虑症状相关的显著相互作用。
缓解呼吸道症状、解决合并症以及实施心理和精神药理学治疗可能有助于减少中国大陆感染 SARS-CoV-2 奥密克戎变异株后的焦虑症状。
