Saket Palak, Joshi Abhijeet, Yadav Asheesh Kumar, Bala Kiran
Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore, 453552, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 Aug;31(36):48986-48998. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-34408-1. Epub 2024 Jul 23.
The current study was conducted to understand the sole role of graphite as a substrate material in a dual-chambered baffled electroactive wetland (EW) in the treatment of Methyl red dye-containing wastewater. The results obtained were compared with conventional gravel-based unplanted dual-chambered constructed wetlands (CW) at a lab scale. The highest dye decolorisation and COD removal efficiency achieved was 92.88 ± 1.6% and 95.78 ± 4.1%, respectively, in the electro-active wetland. Dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH conditions were appropriately maintained in both the microcosms because of separated aerobic and anaerobic chambers. UV-vis and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy analysis revealed the production of by-products like 4-amino benzoic and N- N dimethyl phenyl-diamine of MR in microcosms and revealed further mineralisation of by-products in the aerobic zone of electroactive-wetland. Higher root growth of Cicer aerietinum and Vigna radiata was observed in the presence of effluents of baffled electroactive wetlands compared to constructed wetland, indicating a decrease in phytotoxicity. Metagenomic analysis revealed the abundance of potential microbes for MR and organic matter removal from phylum Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Euryarchaeota. A batch adsorption study revealed a higher adsorption capability of graphite material in comparison to gravel. Hence, this study demonstrated that graphite is an appropriate substrate in electroactive wetland in facilitating microbial attachments and enhancing dye degradation, in addition to exhibiting superior adsorption quality.
本研究旨在了解石墨作为双室折流板电活性湿地（EW）中基质材料在处理含甲基红染料废水方面的独特作用。在实验室规模下，将所得结果与传统的基于砾石的未种植双室人工湿地（CW）进行比较。在电活性湿地中，实现的最高染料脱色率和化学需氧量去除效率分别为92.88±1.6%和95.78±4.1%。由于有氧和厌氧室分离，两个微观世界中的溶解氧（DO）和pH条件都得到了适当维持。紫外可见光谱和气相色谱-质谱分析表明，微观世界中产生了甲基红的副产物，如4-氨基苯甲酸和N-N二甲基苯二胺，并揭示了电活性湿地好氧区中副产物的进一步矿化。与人工湿地相比，在折流板电活性湿地流出物存在的情况下，观察到鹰嘴豆和绿豆的根系生长更高，表明植物毒性降低。宏基因组分析揭示了来自变形菌门、厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门和广古菌门的用于去除甲基红和有机物的潜在微生物的丰度。一项批量吸附研究表明，与砾石相比，石墨材料具有更高的吸附能力。因此，本研究表明，石墨是电活性湿地中促进微生物附着和增强染料降解的合适基质，此外还具有优异的吸附性能。
