Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, İzmir Democracy University, İzmir, Turkey.
Buca Seyfi Demirsoy Training and Research Hospital Department of Ophthalmogy, İzmir Democracy University, İzmir, Turkey.
Nord J Psychiatry. 2024 Oct;78(7):610-615. doi: 10.1080/08039488.2024.2381545. Epub 2024 Jul 24.
We aimed to compare retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness in bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD).
The study included thirty MDD, thirty-two BD participants in depressive episode, and thirty-seven controls matched according to age, gender, body mass index (BMI), and smoking status. Optic coherence tomography (OCT) measurements were performed for both participants and controls. The RNFL and GCC thickness were measured and recorded automatically by a spectral OCT device. Participants were also subjected to Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D).
RNFL superior thickness was significantly lower in BD participants, compared to the MDD participants and controls ( = 0.001). GCC inferior ( = 0.022) and inferonasal ( = 0.005) thickness were detected lower in BD group, compared to the control groups. In the BD group, HAM-D scores were negatively correlated with RNFL-temporal ( = 0.049, = -0.357), GCC inferotemporal ( = 0.02, = -0.416) and superotemporal thickness ( = 0.002, = -0.546).
RNFL thickness were lower in BD participants compared to the MDD and controls and, GCC thickness were lower in BD participants compared to the controls. Our findings support the hypothesis that neurodegeneration is part of the pathogenesis of BD. Future research are needed to confirm the lack of RNFL thickness in MDD, which could have immediate therapeutic consequences as well as implications for distinguishing BD from MDD.
本研究旨在比较双相障碍（BD）和重度抑郁症（MDD）患者的视网膜神经纤维层（RNFL）厚度和节细胞复合体（GCC）厚度。
该研究纳入了 30 名 MDD 患者、32 名处于抑郁发作期的 BD 患者和 37 名年龄、性别、体重指数（BMI）和吸烟状况相匹配的对照者。对所有参与者和对照者均进行光学相干断层扫描（OCT）测量。使用光谱 OCT 设备自动测量并记录 RNFL 和 GCC 厚度。同时，所有参与者还接受了汉密尔顿抑郁评定量表（HAM-D）评估。
与 MDD 患者和对照组相比，BD 患者的上方 RNFL 厚度显著降低（ = 0.001）。与对照组相比，BD 组的下方 GCC（ = 0.022）和鼻下象限 GCC（ = 0.005）厚度较低。在 BD 组中，HAM-D 评分与 RNFL-颞侧（ = 0.049， = -0.357）、GCC-颞下（ = 0.02， = -0.416）和颞上（ = 0.002， = -0.546）厚度呈负相关。
与 MDD 和对照组相比，BD 患者的 RNFL 厚度较低，与对照组相比，BD 患者的 GCC 厚度较低。我们的研究结果支持了神经退行性变是 BD 发病机制的一部分这一假说。未来的研究需要证实 MDD 患者中 RNFL 厚度的缺乏，这可能会对治疗产生直接影响，并有助于将 BD 与 MDD 区分开来。
