International Centre for Hidradenitis suppurativa/Acne inversa (ICH), Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany.
Skin Cancer Centre, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
Ann Med. 2024 Dec;56(1):2382372. doi: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2382372. Epub 2024 Jul 24.
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with an increased risk of malignancy. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the prevalence of different malignancies in HS.
This review meets the PRISMA criteria. A data-driven approach was used to conduct the research, which involved a detailed keyword search. The study considered meta-analyses, experimental studies, case-control studies, cross-sectional studies, cohort studies, and recently published cases, published in English or German. Excluded were reviews, summaries, and letters to the editor, as well as studies, which are not based on the human population.
Out of the initial 443 publications found, 25 met the inclusion criteria for this systematic review. Patients with HS have a significantly increased risk of cancer, up to 50%. Additionally, the risk of oropharyngeal, central nervous system, colorectal, prostate, vulvar and non-melanocytic skin cancers increase with the severity of HS. The likelihood of comorbid lymphoma in patients with HS is significantly higher compared to healthy controls. In severe cases of HS, malignant degeneration of lesions in the groin, perianal, perineal, and gluteal region can occur in up to 4.6% of cases. This leads to the development of cSCC, which often have a complicated course, are more refractory to treatment and associated with a poorer outcome. The pathogenic mechanisms responsible for the malignant transformation of HS are currently unknown.
Patients with HS have a higher risk of cancer compared to the general population. Untreated, long-standing HS lesions can lead to complicated malignant degeneration resulting in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. The mechanisms underlying this malignant degeneration are not fully understood. HS patients also have an increased risk of developing other cancers, including prostate, oral, pharyngeal and colorectal cancers of the central nervous system and lymphomas.
化脓性汗腺炎（HS）是一种与恶性肿瘤风险增加相关的慢性炎症性疾病。本系统评价的目的是调查 HS 中不同恶性肿瘤的患病率。
本综述符合 PRISMA 标准。采用数据驱动的方法进行研究，包括详细的关键字搜索。该研究考虑了荟萃分析、实验研究、病例对照研究、横断面研究、队列研究以及最近发表的病例，这些研究发表于英语或德语。排除了综述、摘要和给编辑的信，以及不基于人类群体的研究。
在最初发现的 443 篇出版物中，有 25 篇符合本系统评价的纳入标准。HS 患者的癌症风险显著增加，高达 50%。此外，HS 的严重程度与口咽、中枢神经系统、结直肠、前列腺、外阴和非黑素细胞皮肤癌的风险增加相关。与健康对照组相比，HS 患者合并淋巴瘤的可能性显著更高。在 HS 严重病例中，腹股沟、肛门周围、会阴和臀部区域的病变恶性变性可发生在高达 4.6%的病例中。这导致 cSCC 的发展，cSCC 通常病程复杂，对治疗的反应较差，预后较差。导致 HS 恶性转化的发病机制目前尚不清楚。
与普通人群相比，HS 患者的癌症风险更高。未经治疗的长期 HS 病变可导致复杂的恶性变性，导致皮肤鳞状细胞癌。这种恶性变性的机制尚不完全清楚。HS 患者还存在其他癌症的风险增加，包括前列腺癌、口腔癌、咽癌和结直肠癌、中枢神经系统和淋巴瘤。
