Real-World Situation of Eradication Regimens and Risk Factors for Treatment in China: A Retrospective Single-Center Study.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

The success rate of () eradication in China is declining. The aim of this study was to evaluate eradication outcomes in clinical practice and identifies factors contributing to treatment failure.

METHODS

A retrospective review was conducted on patients treated for infection with 14-day bismuth-containing quadruple therapy at a Beijing medical center from January 2020 to December 2023. We analyzed demographic and clinical data, eradication rates across regimens, and performed multivariate analysis to pinpoint predictors of failure.

RESULTS

Out of 3340 participants, 2273 (68.1%) achieved eradication. Amoxicillin-based combinations (69.2%) outperformed other antibiotic regimens (58.9%, p < 0.001), with amoxicillin plus doxycycline reaching a 71.4% success rate. Esomeprazole-based regimens were more effective (73.6%) than other PPI regimens (65.2%, p = 0.001), notably, a rabeprazole, amoxicillin, doxycycline, and bismuth combination had an 80.0% success rate. Age, gender, and smoking and drinking were significant eradication failure predictors.

CONCLUSION

In real-world settings, 14-day amoxicillin and esomeprazole-based quadruple regimens have been demonstrated to be more effective than other regimens. Age, gender, and lifestyle habits are identified as independent risk factors for eradication failure.

REGISTRATION

This study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry on 08/01/2024 (clinical trial registration number: ChiCTR2400079647).