Li Shaowei, Liu Guodong
Taishan College, School of Life sciences, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China.
State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China.
Bioresour Bioprocess. 2024 Jul 25;11(1):74. doi: 10.1186/s40643-024-00790-4.
Cellulosic materials are attracting increasing research interest because of their abundance, biocompatibility, and biodegradability, making them suitable in multiple industrial and medical applications. Functionalization of cellulose is usually required to improve or expand its properties to meet the requirements of different applications. Cellulose-binding domains (CBDs) found in various proteins have been shown to be powerful tools in the functionalization of cellulose materials. In this review, we firstly introduce the structural characteristics of commonly used CBDs belonging to carbohydrate-binding module families 1, 2 and 3. Then, we summarize four main kinds of methodologies for employing CBDs to modify cellulosic materials (i.e., CBD only, genetic fusion, non-covalent linkage and covalent linkage). Via different approaches, CBDs have been used to improve the material properties of cellulose, immobilize enzymes for biocatalysis, and design various detection tools. To achieve industrial applications, researches for lowering the production cost of CBDs, improving their performance (e.g., stability), and expanding their application scenarios are still in need.
纤维素材料因其丰富性、生物相容性和生物降解性而吸引了越来越多的研究兴趣，使其适用于多种工业和医学应用。通常需要对纤维素进行功能化处理，以改善或扩展其性能，以满足不同应用的要求。在各种蛋白质中发现的纤维素结合结构域（CBD）已被证明是纤维素材料功能化的有力工具。在这篇综述中，我们首先介绍了属于碳水化合物结合模块家族1、2和3的常用CBD的结构特征。然后，我们总结了四种利用CBD修饰纤维素材料的主要方法（即仅CBD、基因融合、非共价连接和共价连接）。通过不同的方法，CBD已被用于改善纤维素的材料性能、固定酶用于生物催化以及设计各种检测工具。为了实现工业应用，降低CBD生产成本、提高其性能（如稳定性）以及扩展其应用场景的研究仍有待开展。
