Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, People's Republic of China.
Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition Health, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, People's Republic of China.
Animal. 2024 Aug;18(8):101237. doi: 10.1016/j.animal.2024.101237. Epub 2024 Jul 2.
Sulphate plays a vital role in the growth and development of the foetus. Sodium sulphate (NaSO) is utilised as a dietary protein nutrient factor and helps replenish sulphur elements in livestock and poultry. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of NaSO supplementation in mid to late pregnancy on bile acid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, placental vascular development and antioxidant capacity of sows. At day 1 of gestation (G1), a total of twenty-six primiparous sows were carefully chosen and randomised into two groups: (1) control group, (2) NaSO group (1.40 g/kg). Blood samples and placentas from sows were collected to measure biochemistry parameters, antioxidant indexes, placental vascular density, and indicators related to bile acid metabolism and amino acid concentrations, respectively. We found that dietary supplementation with NaSO had a tendency for a reduction of incidence of stillborn at farrowing. Further observation showed that sows supplemented with NaSO had decreased total bile acid level in cord blood, and increased placental gene expression of sulphotransferase and organic anion transport peptide. NaSO supplementation increased catalase and total superoxide dismutase activity in cord blood, decreased placental malondialdehyde content, and enhanced placental protein expression of Sirtuin 1. Moreover, NaSO consumption resulted in increased vascular density of placental stroma and elevated amino acid levels in sows and cord blood. Furthermore, maternal NaSO consumption reduced serum urea concentrations of sows and umbilical cord blood at G114. In addition, dietary supplementation with NaSO activated the protein expression of the placental mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1. Collectively, these findings indicated that maternal supplementation with NaSO during mid-to-late gestation elevated foetal survival via improving placental angiogenesis, bile acid metabolism and amino acid utilisation.
硫酸盐在胎儿的生长和发育中起着至关重要的作用。硫酸钠（NaSO）可用作膳食蛋白质营养因子，有助于补充家畜和家禽的硫元素。因此，本研究旨在探讨妊娠中期和晚期补充 NaSO 对母猪胆汁酸代谢、氨基酸代谢、胎盘血管发育和抗氧化能力的影响。在妊娠第 1 天（G1），精心挑选了 26 头初产母猪，并将其随机分为两组：（1）对照组，（2）NaSO 组（1.40 g/kg）。采集母猪血液和胎盘样本，分别测量生化参数、抗氧化指标、胎盘血管密度以及与胆汁酸代谢和氨基酸浓度相关的指标。我们发现，日粮补充 NaSO 有降低分娩时死产发生率的趋势。进一步观察表明，补充 NaSO 的母猪脐带血中总胆汁酸水平降低，而胎盘磺基转移酶和有机阴离子转运肽的基因表达增加。NaSO 补充增加了脐带血中过氧化氢酶和总超氧化物歧化酶的活性，降低了胎盘丙二醛含量，增强了胎盘 Sirtuin 1 的蛋白表达。此外，NaSO 的消耗增加了胎盘基质的血管密度，并提高了母猪和脐带血中的氨基酸水平。此外，母体 NaSO 消耗降低了 G114 时母猪和脐带血中的血清尿素浓度。此外，日粮补充 NaSO 激活了胎盘雷帕霉素靶蛋白复合物 1 的蛋白表达。总之，这些发现表明，妊娠中期和晚期母体补充 NaSO 通过提高胎盘血管生成、胆汁酸代谢和氨基酸利用来提高胎儿存活率。
