Center for Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P.R. China.
Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, P.R. China.
Am J Mens Health. 2024 Jul-Aug;18(4):15579883241264120. doi: 10.1177/15579883241264120.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been reported to decrease semen quality in reproductive-age men. Semen quality in vaccinated men after SARS-CoV-2 infection remains unclear. We recruited reproductive-age Chinese men scheduled for COVID-19 vaccination from December 2022 to March 2023. Among 1,639 vaccinated participants, an upward trend was found in sperm concentration ( < .001), progressive motility ( < .001), total motility ( < .001), total motile sperm count (TMSC) ( < .001), and normal morphology ( = .01) over time following COVID-19 recovery. Among men with an SARS-CoV-2 infection that lasted less than 30 days, men who received an inactivated vaccine booster had higher sperm progressive ( = .006) and total motility ( = .005) as well as TMSC ( = .008) than those without a booster vaccine, whereas no difference was found in semen parameters among men who received a recombinant protein vaccine. Similarly, an upward trend in semen quality was found among 122 men who provided semen samples before and after COVID-19. Higher risks of asthenozoospermia (odds ratio [] = 2.23, < .001) and teratozoospermia (OR = 2.09, = .03) were found among men who had an SARS-CoV-2 infection that lasted less than 30 days than among those without COVID-19. Collectively, after receiving SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, adverse but reversible semen parameters were observed in men recovering from COVID-19 over time. Recombinant protein vaccines and inactivated vaccine boosters should be recommended to all reproductive-age men.
新型冠状病毒病 2019（COVID-19）已被报道会降低生殖年龄段男性的精液质量。SARS-CoV-2 感染后接种疫苗男性的精液质量仍不清楚。我们招募了 2022 年 12 月至 2023 年 3 月期间计划接种 COVID-19 疫苗的生殖年龄段中国男性。在 1639 名接种疫苗的参与者中，随着 COVID-19 康复，精子浓度（<0.001）、前向运动精子比例（<0.001）、总运动精子数（TMSC）（<0.001）和正常形态精子比例（=0.01）呈上升趋势。在感染 SARS-CoV-2 持续时间少于 30 天的男性中，与未接种加强疫苗的男性相比，接种灭活疫苗加强针的男性精子前向运动（=0.006）和总运动（=0.005）以及 TMSC（=0.008）更高，而接种重组蛋白疫苗的男性精液参数无差异。同样，在 122 名在 COVID-19 前后提供精液样本的男性中，也发现精液质量呈上升趋势。与未感染 COVID-19 的男性相比，SARS-CoV-2 感染持续时间少于 30 天的男性发生弱精子症（优势比[]=2.23，<0.001）和畸形精子症（OR=2.09，=0.03）的风险更高。总的来说，在从 COVID-19 中康复的男性中，接种 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗后，精液参数出现了不良但可逆转的变化。应向所有生殖年龄段男性推荐使用重组蛋白疫苗和灭活疫苗加强针。
