Doherty Victoria Funmilayo, Aneyo Idowu Ayisat, Fatunsin Oluwatoyin Tirenioluwa, Enyoh Christian Ebere, Yahaya Tajudeen Olanrewaju, Emeronye Ikechi Godslove, Amolegbe Oluwatosin Aishat, Amaeze Nnamdi Henry, Anyiam Felix Emeka, Oloidi Aderonke Ajibola, Ajagbe Folashade, Popoola Oluwaseun, Ugochukwu Moses
Department of Biological Science, Yaba College of Technology, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria.
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science University of Lagos, Akoka, Yaba, Lagos Nigeria.
Environ Anal Health Toxicol. 2024 Jun;39(2):e2024018-0. doi: 10.5620/eaht.2024018. Epub 2024 Jun 18.
In Nigeria, limited research has been conducted on Microplastics (MPs) in inland rivers, necessitating a comprehensive assessment to understand the extent of contamination. This study aimed to assess the abundance, distribution, and composition of MPs in fishes, sediment, and water from inland rivers across Nigeria's six geopolitical zones. Samples were collected from selected rivers in each geopolitical zone (Rivers Yauri, Benue, Argungu, Jamare, Ogun, Ethiope and Orashi). MPs were isolated using a combination of filtration, density separation, and visual identification. MPs abundance, distribution, shapes, colors, and chemical composition were determined using microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The study presents the first report of MPs in six in land rivers in Nigeria and found that MPs were present in all the fishes, sediments and river waters studied across all the rivers. The abundance and composition of MPs varied among the different sample types, with fibers being the most abundant shape in both water and fish samples. PET, PP, and PE were the most prevalent types of plastics found in fish samples, while PE/PA/Nylon, PVA, and PVC were predominant in water samples. PA/Nylon, PUR, PVC, and PET were the most common in sediment samples. Source analysis by Principal component analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) indicated that the presence of MPs was mainly influenced by local anthropogenic activities. However, estimated daily intakes are generally low, indicating that daily consumption of the samples is not likely to be harmful. The widespread presence of MPs in inland rivers across Nigeria highlights the urgent need for effective waste management strategies and environmental conservation efforts to mitigate plastic pollution.
在尼日利亚，针对内陆河流中微塑料（MPs）的研究有限，因此有必要进行全面评估以了解污染程度。本研究旨在评估尼日利亚六个地缘政治区内陆河流中鱼类、沉积物和水中微塑料的丰度、分布和组成。样本取自每个地缘政治区的选定河流（亚乌里河、贝努埃河、阿尔贡古河、贾马雷河、奥贡河、埃塞俄普河和奥腊希河）。通过过滤、密度分离和目视识别相结合的方法分离微塑料。使用显微镜和傅里叶变换红外光谱法测定微塑料的丰度、分布、形状、颜色和化学成分。该研究首次报告了尼日利亚六条内陆河流中的微塑料情况，发现在所有研究的河流中的所有鱼类、沉积物和河水中都存在微塑料。微塑料的丰度和组成在不同样本类型中有所不同，纤维是水样和鱼类样本中最丰富的形状。聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯（PET）、聚丙烯（PP）和聚乙烯（PE）是鱼类样本中最常见的塑料类型，而聚乙烯/聚酰胺/尼龙（PE/PA/Nylon）、聚乙烯醇（PVA）和聚氯乙烯（PVC）在水样中占主导地位。聚酰胺/尼龙（PA/Nylon）、聚氨酯（PUR）、聚氯乙烯（PVC）和聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯（PET）在沉积物样本中最常见。通过主成分分析（PCA）和层次聚类分析（HCA）进行的源分析表明，微塑料的存在主要受当地人为活动的影响。然而，估计的每日摄入量通常较低，这表明每日食用这些样本不太可能有害。尼日利亚内陆河流中微塑料的广泛存在凸显了迫切需要有效的废物管理策略和环境保护措施，以减轻塑料污染。
