Xu Ruijia, Liu Shuai, Yang Meiting, Yang Guangming, Luo Zhixin, Ran Ran, Zhou Wei, Shao Zongping
State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 China
WA School of Mines: Minerals, Energy & Chemical Engineering (WASM-MECE), Curtin University Perth WA 6102 Australia.
Chem Sci. 2024 Jun 27;15(29):11166-11187. doi: 10.1039/d4sc03306j. eCollection 2024 Jul 24.
Carbon dioxide (CO) electrolysis to carbon monoxide (CO) is a very promising strategy for economically converting CO, with high-temperature solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) being regarded as the most suitable technology due to their high electrode reaction kinetics and nearly 100% faradaic efficiency, while their practical application is highly dependent on the performance of their fuel electrode (cathode), which significantly determines the cell activity, selectivity, and durability. In this review, we provide a timely overview of the recent progress in the understanding and development of fuel electrodes, predominantly based on perovskite oxides, for CO electrochemical reduction to CO (CORR) in SOECs. Initially, the current understanding of the reaction mechanisms over the perovskite electrocatalyst for CO synthesis from CO electrolysis in SOECs is provided. Subsequently, the recent experimental advances in fuel electrodes are summarized, with importance placed on perovskite oxides and their modification, including bulk doping with multiple elements to introduce high entropy effects, various methods for realizing surface nanoparticles or even single atom catalyst modification, and nanocompositing. Additionally, the recent progress in numerical modeling-assisted fast screening of perovskite electrocatalysts for high-temperature CORR is summarized, and the advanced characterization techniques for an in-depth understanding of the related fundamentals for the CORR over perovskite oxides are also reviewed. The recent pro-industrial application trials of the CORR in SOECs are also briefly discussed. Finally, the future prospects and challenges of SOEC cathodes for the CORR are suggested.
将二氧化碳（CO₂）电解为一氧化碳（CO）是一种极具前景的经济转化CO₂的策略，高温固体氧化物电解池（SOEC）因其高电极反应动力学和近100%的法拉第效率而被视为最合适的技术，然而其实际应用高度依赖于其燃料电极（阴极）的性能，而燃料电极性能显著决定了电池的活性、选择性和耐久性。在本综述中，我们及时概述了用于SOEC中CO电化学还原为CO（CORR）的、主要基于钙钛矿氧化物的燃料电极在理解和开发方面的最新进展。首先，阐述了目前对SOEC中CO₂电解合成CO过程中钙钛矿电催化剂上反应机理的理解。随后，总结了燃料电极的近期实验进展，重点关注钙钛矿氧化物及其改性，包括通过多元素体相掺杂引入高熵效应、实现表面纳米颗粒甚至单原子催化剂改性的各种方法以及纳米复合。此外，总结了数值模拟辅助快速筛选用于高温CORR的钙钛矿电催化剂的近期进展，并综述了用于深入理解钙钛矿氧化物上CORR相关基础的先进表征技术。还简要讨论了SOEC中CORR的近期工业化应用试验。最后，提出了SOEC阴极用于CORR的未来前景和挑战。
