Feigs Jannis Till, Huang Siyu, Holzhauer Stephanie I J, Brunet Jörg, Diekmann Martin, Hedwall Per-Ola, Kramp Katja, Naaf Tobias
Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF) e.V Müncheberg Germany.
Thünen Institute of Biodiversity, Johann Heinrich von Thünen Institute, Forestry and Fisheries, Federal Research Institute for Rural Areas Braunschweig Germany.
Ecol Evol. 2024 Jul 25;14(7):e70078. doi: 10.1002/ece3.70078. eCollection 2024 Jul.
Spatially isolated plant populations in agricultural landscapes exhibit genetic responses not only to habitat fragmentation per se but also to the composition of the landscape matrix between habitat patches. These responses can only be understood by examining how the landscape matrix influences among-habitat movements of pollinators and seed vectors, which act as genetic linkers among populations. We studied the forest herb and its associated pollinator and genetic linker, the bumblebee , in three European agricultural landscapes. We aimed to identify which landscape features affect the movement activity of between forest patches and to assess the relative importance of these features in explaining the forest herb's population genetic structure. We applied microsatellite markers to estimate the movement activity of the bumblebee as well as the population genetic structure of the forest herb. We modelled the movement activity as a function of various landscape metrics. Those metrics found to explain the movement activity best were then used to explain the population genetic structure of the forest herb. The bumblebee movement activity was affected by the cover of maize fields and semi-natural grasslands on a larger spatial scale and by landscape heterogeneity on a smaller spatial scale. For some measures of the forest herb's population genetic structure, that is, allelic richness, observed heterozygosity and the -value, the combinations of landscape metrics, which explained the linker movement activity best, yielded lower AICc values than 95% of the models including all possible combinations of landscape metrics. Synthesis: The genetic linker, , mediates landscape effects on the population genetic structure of the forest herb . Our study indicates, that the movement of the genetic linker among forest patches, and thus the pollen driven gene flow of the herb, depends on the relative value of floral resources in the specific landscape setting. Noteworthy, the population genetic structure of the long-lived, clonal forest herb species correlated with recent land-use types such as maize, which have been existing for not more than a few decades within these landscapes. This underscores the short time in which land-use changes can influence the evolutionary potential of long-lived wild plants.
农业景观中空间隔离的植物种群不仅对栖息地破碎化本身表现出遗传响应，而且对栖息地斑块之间景观基质的组成也有遗传响应。只有通过研究景观基质如何影响传粉者和种子传播者在栖息地之间的移动，才能理解这些响应，而传粉者和种子传播者是种群间的遗传连接者。我们在欧洲的三个农业景观中研究了森林草本植物及其相关传粉者和遗传连接者——大黄蜂。我们旨在确定哪些景观特征影响大黄蜂在森林斑块之间的移动活动，并评估这些特征在解释森林草本植物种群遗传结构方面的相对重要性。我们应用微卫星标记来估计大黄蜂的移动活动以及森林草本植物的种群遗传结构。我们将移动活动建模为各种景观指标的函数。那些被发现能最好地解释移动活动的指标随后被用来解释森林草本植物的种群遗传结构。大黄蜂的移动活动在较大空间尺度上受玉米田和半自然草地覆盖的影响，在较小空间尺度上受景观异质性的影响。对于森林草本植物种群遗传结构的一些指标，即等位基因丰富度、观察到的杂合度和F值，那些能最好地解释连接者移动活动的景观指标组合，其AICc值比包含景观指标所有可能组合的95%的模型都要低。综合：遗传连接者大黄蜂介导了景观对森林草本植物种群遗传结构的影响。我们的研究表明，遗传连接者在森林斑块之间的移动，进而草本植物由花粉驱动的基因流动，取决于特定景观环境中花卉资源的相对价值。值得注意的是，这种长寿的克隆森林草本植物的种群遗传结构与玉米等近期土地利用类型相关，而这些土地利用类型在这些景观中存在不超过几十年。这突出了土地利用变化能够影响长寿野生植物进化潜力的短时间尺度。
