Li Yupeng, Huangfu Yu, Feng Jiacheng, Tian Limei, Ren Luquan
Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China.
Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials, Ministry of Education, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China.
Biomimetics (Basel). 2024 Jul 13;9(7):427. doi: 10.3390/biomimetics9070427.
In this study, based on the principles of bionics, we fabricated a bionic non-smooth concave pit structure on the shoulders of friction stir welding tools and detected the thermal cycling curve, downforce, and torque of the tool in the welding process. We tested the wear loss weight and analyzed the surface morphology of the shoulder surfaces after welding for 200 m. This study found that as the distance between the concave pits decreased and the number of concave pits increased, the maximum downforce, torque, and temperature in the welding process showed a decreasing trend. As the speed increased, no matter how the tool structure changed, the downforce and torque decreased, while the peak thermal cycle temperature increased. The experimental welding results show that the wear loss weight of the non-smooth structure tool significantly reduced. The lowest wear loss weight of the tool with a concave pit interval of 1.125 mm was only 0.1529 g, which is 27% lower than that of the conventional tool. Our observations of the surface morphology of the tool shoulder after welding showed that the amount of aluminum swarf on the tool shoulder of the welding tool gradually declined with the increasing density of the uneven pits. The lowest number of aluminum chips adhered to a welding tool with a pit distance of 1.125 mm. Therefore, friction stir welding tools with biomimetic structures have better wear resistance and adhesion resistance.
在本研究中，基于仿生学原理，我们在搅拌摩擦焊工具的肩部制造了一种仿生非光滑凹坑结构，并检测了焊接过程中工具的热循环曲线、下压力和扭矩。我们测试了磨损失重，并分析了焊接200米后肩部表面的形貌。本研究发现，随着凹坑间距减小和凹坑数量增加，焊接过程中的最大下压力、扭矩和温度呈下降趋势。随着焊接速度的增加，无论工具结构如何变化，下压力和扭矩都会降低，而热循环峰值温度会升高。实验焊接结果表明，非光滑结构工具的磨损失重显著降低。凹坑间距为1.125毫米的工具的最低磨损失重仅为0.1529克，比传统工具低27%。我们对焊接后工具肩部表面形貌的观察表明，随着不均匀凹坑密度的增加，焊接工具肩部的铝屑量逐渐减少。凹坑间距为1.125毫米的焊接工具上附着的铝屑数量最少。因此，具有仿生结构的搅拌摩擦焊工具具有更好的耐磨性和抗粘附性。
