Bambaradeniya Tharindu B, Magni Paola A, Dadour Ian R
School of Medical, Molecular & Forensic Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia.
Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia.
Insects. 2024 Jun 27;15(7):479. doi: 10.3390/insects15070479.
The present study investigates the developmental process of (Macquart) pupae and their dependency on soil composition, moisture levels, and temperature changes. This research holds implications for forensic and veterinary applications, providing crucial insights for estimating minimum postmortem intervals and managing myiasis-causing flies in diverse environments. Specifically, the study explores the impact of five moisture content levels in loam and sandy soils (0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%) on the pupal development of under two distinct constant temperature regimes (24 ± 1 °C and 30 ± 1 °C). A significant correlation was observed between soil type and temperature regarding the time required to complete the pupal stages; however, moisture had no significant impact. Larvae exhibited varying survival rates across the two temperatures and five moisture levels in the two types of soils, particularly under extremely lower moisture conditions (0%) at 30 ± 1 °C, failing to progress to the pupariation stage. Additionally, growth parameters such as pupal length and width of the fully formed puparia were significantly impacted by temperature, soil type, and moisture level. Adult head width was systematically measured across different moisture levels and soil types, revealing distinct temperature-dependent responses. Furthermore, a sex-specific analysis highlighted that female consistently displayed larger head widths and higher emergence rates compared to their male counterparts. This research enhances our understanding of the intricate interrelationship among three environmental variables: soil type, moisture level, and temperature, elucidating their collective impact on the pupation processes of dipterans.
本研究调查了（Macquart）蛹的发育过程及其对土壤成分、湿度水平和温度变化的依赖性。这项研究对法医和兽医应用具有重要意义，为估计最短死后间隔时间以及在不同环境中管理引起蝇蛆病的苍蝇提供了关键见解。具体而言，该研究探讨了壤土和沙质土壤中五种湿度水平（0%、20%、40%、60%和80%）在两种不同恒温条件（24±1°C和30±1°C）下对（某种蝇类）蛹发育的影响。在完成蛹期所需时间方面，观察到土壤类型和温度之间存在显著相关性；然而，湿度没有显著影响。在两种土壤类型中，幼虫在两种温度和五种湿度水平下表现出不同的存活率，特别是在30±1°C的极低湿度条件（0%）下，无法进入化蛹阶段。此外，完全形成的蛹的蛹长和宽度等生长参数受到温度、土壤类型和湿度水平的显著影响。在不同湿度水平和土壤类型下系统测量了成虫的头宽，揭示了明显的温度依赖性反应。此外，一项性别特异性分析强调，与雄性相比，雌性（某种蝇类）始终表现出更大的头宽和更高的羽化率。这项研究增进了我们对土壤类型、湿度水平和温度这三个环境变量之间复杂相互关系的理解，阐明了它们对双翅目昆虫化蛹过程的共同影响。
