Sharma Bharti, Twelker Kate, Nguyen Cecilia, Ellis Scott, Bhatia Navin D, Kuschner Zachary, Agriantonis Andrew, Agriantonis George, Arnold Monique, Dave Jasmine, Mestre Juan, Shafaee Zahra, Arora Shalini, Ghanta Hima, Whittington Jennifer
Department of Surgery, NYC Health + Hospitals/Elmhurst, New York, NY 11373, USA.
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Metabolites. 2024 Jun 21;14(7):348. doi: 10.3390/metabo14070348.
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a dangerous digestive tract tumor that is becoming increasingly common and fatal. The most common form of PC is pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Bile acids (BAs) are closely linked to the growth and progression of PC. They can change the intestinal flora, increasing intestinal permeability and allowing gut microbes to enter the bloodstream, leading to chronic inflammation. High dietary lipids can increase BA secretion into the duodenum and fecal BA levels. BAs can cause genetic mutations, mitochondrial dysfunction, abnormal activation of intracellular trypsin, cytoskeletal damage, activation of NF-κB, acute pancreatitis, cell injury, and cell necrosis. They can act on different types of pancreatic cells and receptors, altering Ca and iron levels, and related signals. Elevated levels of Ca and iron are associated with cell necrosis and ferroptosis. Bile reflux into the pancreatic ducts can speed up the kinetics of epithelial cells, promoting the development of pancreatic intraductal papillary carcinoma. BAs can cause the enormous secretion of Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), leading to the proliferation of pancreatic β-cells. Using Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) increases the risk of pancreatitis and PC. Therefore, our objective was to explore various studies and thoroughly examine the role of BAs in PC.
胰腺癌（PC）是一种危险的消化道肿瘤，其发病率和致死率正日益升高。PC最常见的类型是胰腺导管腺癌（PDAC）。胆汁酸（BAs）与PC的生长和进展密切相关。它们可改变肠道菌群，增加肠道通透性，使肠道微生物进入血液，引发慢性炎症。高膳食脂质会增加BAs向十二指肠的分泌及粪便中BAs的水平。BAs可导致基因突变、线粒体功能障碍、细胞内胰蛋白酶异常激活、细胞骨架损伤、核因子κB（NF-κB）激活、急性胰腺炎、细胞损伤和细胞坏死。它们可作用于不同类型的胰腺细胞和受体，改变钙和铁的水平以及相关信号。钙和铁水平升高与细胞坏死和铁死亡有关。胆汁反流至胰管可加速上皮细胞的动力学变化，促进胰腺导管内乳头状癌的发展。BAs可导致胰高血糖素样肽-1（GLP-1）大量分泌，致使胰腺β细胞增殖。使用胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂（GLP-1RA）会增加胰腺炎和PC的发病风险。因此，我们的目标是探究各类研究并全面审视BAs在PC中的作用。
