Bigger J T
J Clin Pharmacol. 1985 Oct;25(7):514-21. doi: 10.1177/009127008502500707.
The principal causes of digitalis toxicity are overdose, reduced volume of distribution, reduced renal elimination, and increased myocardial sensitivity. The metabolic mechanism of digitalis toxicity is intense inhibition of sarcolemma Na-K ATPase, which leads to increases of intracellular Na+ and Ca2+ and arrhythmogenic membrane ionic currents. A variety of cellular electrophysiologic effects and effects on the nervous system are responsible for the array of clinical arrhythmias seen during digitalis toxicity, i.e., sinus bradycardia, atrioventricular block, nonparoxysmal atrioventricular junctional tachycardia, and ventricular tachycardia.
洋地黄中毒的主要原因是用药过量、分布容积减少、肾脏排泄减少以及心肌敏感性增加。洋地黄中毒的代谢机制是对肌膜钠钾ATP酶的强烈抑制，这导致细胞内钠离子和钙离子增加以及致心律失常的膜离子电流增加。洋地黄中毒时出现的一系列临床心律失常，即窦性心动过缓、房室传导阻滞、非阵发性房室交界性心动过速和室性心动过速，是由多种细胞电生理效应和对神经系统的影响所导致的。
