Centre for Nano-Biosensors, Department of Prosthodontics and Materials Science, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India.
School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.
Clin Chim Acta. 2024 Aug 15;562:119888. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.119888. Epub 2024 Jul 24.
Cortisol, a crucial steroid hormone synthesized by the adrenal glands, has diverse impacts on multiple physiological processes, such as metabolism, immune function, and stress management. Disruption in cortisol levels can result in conditions like Cushing's syndrome and Addison's disease. This review provides an in-depth exploration of cortisol, covering its structure, various forms in the body, detection methodologies, and emerging trends in cancer treatment and detection. Various techniques for cortisol detection, including electrochemical, chromatographic, and immunoassay methods were discussed and highlighted for their merits and applications. Electrochemical immunosensing emerges as a promising approach, which offered high sensitivity and low detection limits. Moreover, the review delves into the intricate relationship between cortisol and cancer, emphasizing cortisol's role in cancer progression and treatment outcomes. Lastly, the utilization of biomarkers, in-silico modeling, and machine learning for electrochemical cortisol detection were explored, which showcased innovative strategies for stress monitoring and healthcare advancement.
皮质醇是肾上腺合成的一种重要类固醇激素，对新陈代谢、免疫功能和压力管理等多种生理过程都有重要影响。皮质醇水平的紊乱会导致库欣综合征和艾迪生病等疾病。本综述深入探讨了皮质醇，涵盖了其结构、体内的各种形式、检测方法以及在癌症治疗和检测中的新兴趋势。讨论并强调了各种用于皮质醇检测的技术，包括电化学、色谱和免疫测定方法，及其优缺点和应用。电化学免疫传感作为一种很有前途的方法脱颖而出，它具有高灵敏度和低检测限的特点。此外，该综述还深入探讨了皮质醇与癌症之间的复杂关系，强调了皮质醇在癌症进展和治疗结果中的作用。最后，还探讨了生物标志物、计算机建模和机器学习在电化学皮质醇检测中的应用，展示了用于压力监测和医疗保健进展的创新策略。
