Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China.
Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China.
Food Res Int. 2024 Sep;191:114726. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114726. Epub 2024 Jul 3.
Vitis amurensis grape, an East Asian Vitis species, has excellent cold and disease resistance and exhibits high winemaking potential. In this study, the aroma compounds in grapes from five V. amurensis cultivars ('Beiguohong', 'Beiguolan', 'Shuangfeng', 'Shuanghong', 'Shuangyou') and three interspecific hybrids ('Beibinghong', 'Xuelanhong', 'Zuoyouhong') from two regions (Zuojia and Ji'an, Jilin, China) were identified via HS-SPME-GC/MS. The results showed that V. amurensis grapes had a greater concentration of aroma compounds than the interspecific hybrid berries. 'Beibinghong' was relatively rich in terpenes, although their concentrations were all lower than the threshold. 'Shuangfeng' contained more concentrations of free C6/C9 compounds, alcohols, aromatics and aldehydes/ketones than the other cultivars. The aroma characteristics of 'Beiguolan' and 'Shuanghong' were relatively similar. The grapes from the lower temperature and more fertile soil of Zuojia contained more C6/C9 compounds, norisoprenoids and alcohols, while aromatics were more abundant in the grapes from Ji'an, which was warmer than the Zuojia region. Herbaceous, floral, fruity and sweet were the main aroma series of V. amurensis grapes. Our study could provide a reference for the development and utilization of V. amurensis grapes and lay a foundation for the development of wild grape cultivars and the production of wines with characteristic styles.
山葡萄，东亚葡萄品种，具有出色的抗寒和抗病能力，酿造潜力巨大。本研究采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用技术（HS-SPME-GC/MS）分析了来自中国吉林左家和吉安两个地区的 5 个山葡萄品种（北红、北蓝、双丰、双红、双优）和 3 个种间杂种（北冰红、雪兰红、左优红）的葡萄香气成分。结果表明，与种间杂种相比，山葡萄浆果具有更高浓度的香气化合物。尽管萜烯含量相对较高，但浓度均低于阈值。与其他品种相比，双丰葡萄含有更多的游离 C6/C9 化合物、醇类、芳香族化合物和醛/酮类化合物。北蓝和双红的香气特征较为相似。左家地区温度较低、土壤肥沃，其葡萄中含有更多的 C6/C9 化合物、法呢烯和醇类化合物，而吉安地区温度较高，其葡萄中则含有更多的芳香族化合物。山葡萄的香气主要为草本、花香、果香和甜味。本研究可为山葡萄的开发利用提供参考，为野生葡萄品种的开发和具有特色风格的葡萄酒生产奠定基础。
