揭示健康差异：原住民与非原住民澳大利亚人之间头颈部癌症趋势的比较分析（1998 - 2015年）

Unveiling a Health Disparity: Comparative Analysis of Head and Neck Cancer Trends between First Nations People and Non-Indigenous Australians (1998-2015).

作者信息

Khan Lamia Fahad, Tadakamadla Santosh Kumar, Tadakamadla Jyothi

机构信息

Dentistry and Oral Health, Department of Rural Clinical Science, La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC 3550, Australia.

Violet Vines Marshman Centre for Rural Health Research, La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC 3550, Australia.

出版信息

Cancers (Basel). 2024 Jul 15;16(14):2548. doi: 10.3390/cancers16142548.

DOI:10.3390/cancers16142548

PMID:39061187

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11274635/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

We aim to assess and compare the HNC trends between the First Nations and non-Indigenous population.

METHODS

HNC incidence (1998-2013) and mortality (1998-2015) data in First Nations people and non-Indigenous Australians were utilised from the Australian Cancer Database. The age-standardised incidence and mortality trends along with annual percentage changes were analysed using Joinpoint models. Age-standardised incidence and mortality rates according to remoteness, states, and five-year survival rates among First Nations people and non-Indigenous Australians were presented as graphs.

RESULTS

First Nations people had over twice the age-standardised incidence (2013; 29.8/100,000 vs. 14.7/100,000) and over 3.5 times the age-standardised mortality rates (2015; 14.2/100,000 vs. 4.1/100,000) than their non-Indigenous counterparts. Both populations saw a decline in mortality, but the decline was only statistically significant in non-Indigenous Australians (17.1% decline, 1998: 4.8/100,000, 2015: 4.1/100,000; < 0.05). Across all remoteness levels and states, First Nations people consistently had higher age-standardised incidence and mortality rates. Furthermore, the five-year survival rate was lower by 25% in First Nations people.

CONCLUSION

First Nations people continue to shoulder a disproportionate HNC burden compared to non-Indigenous Australians.

摘要

背景

我们旨在评估和比较原住民与非原住民人群中头颈部癌症（HNC）的发病趋势。

方法

利用澳大利亚癌症数据库中的原住民和非原住民澳大利亚人的HNC发病率（1998 - 2013年）和死亡率（1998 - 2015年）数据。使用Joinpoint模型分析年龄标准化发病率和死亡率趋势以及年度百分比变化。以图表形式呈现原住民和非原住民澳大利亚人按偏远程度、州划分的年龄标准化发病率和死亡率以及五年生存率。

结果

与非原住民相比，原住民的年龄标准化发病率高出两倍多（2013年；29.8/10万 vs. 14.7/10万），年龄标准化死亡率高出3.5倍多（2015年；14.2/10万 vs. 4.1/10万）。两个群体的死亡率均有所下降，但仅在非原住民澳大利亚人中下降具有统计学意义（下降17.1%，1998年：4.8/10万，2015年：4.1/10万；P < 0.05）。在所有偏远程度和州，原住民的年龄标准化发病率和死亡率一直较高。此外，原住民的五年生存率低25%。