Intuitionistic Fuzzy Biofeedback Control of Implanted Dual-Sensor Cardiac Pacemakers.

Cardiac pacemakers are used for handling bradycardia, which is a cardiac rhythm of usually less than 60 beats per minute. Therapeutic dual-sensor pacemakers aim to preserve or restore the normal electromechanical activity of the cardiac muscle. In this article, a novel intelligent controller has been developed for implanted dual-sensor cardiac pacemakers. The developed controller is mainly based on intuitionistic fuzzy logic (IFL). The main advantage of the developed IFL controller is its ability to merge the qualitative expert knowledge of cardiologists in the proposed design of controlled pacemakers. Additionally, the implication of non-membership functions with the uncertainty term plays a key role in the developed fuzzy controller for improving the performance of a cardiac pacemaker over other fuzzy control schemes in previous studies. Moreover, the proposed pacemaker control system is efficient for managing all health-status conditions and constraints during the different daily activities of cardiac patients. Consequently, the healthcare of patients with implanted dual-sensor pacemakers can be efficiently improved intuitively.