Neda-Stepan Oana, Giurgi-Oncu Cătălina, Sălcudean Andreea, Bernad Elena, Bernad Brenda-Cristiana, Boeriu Estera, Enătescu Virgil Radu
Doctoral School, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
Department VIII-Neurosciences, Discipline of Psychiatry, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2024 Jul 11;14(7):589. doi: 10.3390/bs14070589.
Perinatal depression (PPD) presents a significant public health concern, often influenced by psychological and personality factors. This study investigated the impact of personality traits, particularly neuroticism, and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms on the severity of PPD. The primary aim was to quantify the contributions of these factors to the risk and severity of PPD to enhance early intervention strategies. A total of 47 pregnant women with depressive symptoms per DSM-5 criteria at "Pius Brinzeu" County Emergency Hospital in Timisoara, Romania, were enrolled in this cross-sectional study, as well as 49 women without depressive symptoms as controls. Personality traits were assessed using the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI), and OCD symptoms were measured using the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (OCI). Depression severity was evaluated using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). This set of questionnaires were administered antepartum and postpartum. The logistic regression analysis highlighted neuroticism as a significant predictor of PPD severity, with an increase in neuroticism associated with a higher risk of PPD (coefficient = 0.24, < 0.001). Conversely, openness showed a protective effect (coefficient = -0.13, = 0.009). Higher OCD symptomatology, particularly ordering and hoarding, were linked with increased depression scores. Specifically, the total OCI score significantly predicted the EPDS score (coefficient = 0.03, = 0.003). Furthermore, significant increases in EPDS anxiety and depression scores were observed in the perinatal period, indicating worsening of symptoms (anxiety coefficient = 0.51; < 0.001). The findings suggest that personality traits like neuroticism and OCD symptoms significantly contribute to the severity of PPD. Interventions targeting these specific traits could potentially mitigate the risk and severity of perinatal depression, underscoring the need for personalized treatment plans that consider these psychological dimensions.
围产期抑郁症（PPD）是一个重大的公共卫生问题，常受心理和人格因素影响。本研究调查了人格特质，特别是神经质，以及强迫症（OCD）症状对PPD严重程度的影响。主要目的是量化这些因素对PPD风险和严重程度的影响，以加强早期干预策略。罗马尼亚蒂米什瓦拉“皮乌斯·布林泽乌”县急救医院共有47名符合DSM-5标准有抑郁症状的孕妇参加了这项横断面研究，还有49名无抑郁症状的女性作为对照。使用大五人格量表（NEO-FFI）评估人格特质，使用强迫观念与强迫行为量表（OCI）测量OCD症状。使用爱丁堡产后抑郁量表（EPDS）评估抑郁严重程度。这组问卷在产前和产后进行发放。逻辑回归分析突出了神经质是PPD严重程度的一个重要预测因素，神经质增加与PPD风险升高相关（系数=0.24，<0.001）。相反，开放性显示出保护作用（系数=-0.13，=0.009）。较高的OCD症状，特别是排序和囤积，与抑郁评分增加有关。具体而言，OCI总分显著预测了EPDS评分（系数=0.03，=0.003）。此外，围产期EPDS焦虑和抑郁评分显著增加，表明症状恶化（焦虑系数=0.51；<0.001）。研究结果表明，神经质和OCD症状等人格特质对PPD的严重程度有显著影响。针对这些特定特质的干预措施可能会降低围产期抑郁症的风险和严重程度，强调了需要考虑这些心理维度的个性化治疗方案。
