Orlov V N, Fomin I O, Radzevich A E, Leskin G S
Kosm Biol Aviakosm Med. 1985 Sep-Oct;19(5):39-41.
Patients with borderline hypertension were exposed, while being immersed, to positive pressure breathing. During exposure cardiac output (CO), heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), total peripheral resistance (TPR), left ventricle work (W), blood content of head vessels (Qh), upper and lower lung lobes (Qu1 and Q11), liver (Q1) were measured. During immersion CO and MAD decreased, HR and TPR increased slightly, and W diminished. Simultaneously Qh, Qu1 and Q11 increased significantly while Q1 decreased considerably, indicating blood "centralization" during simulated microgravity. Courses of positive pressure breathing led to decreases in Qh, Qu1, Q11 and increase in Q1, i. e., they caused blood to be displaced from the head and lungs to the liver. Thus, the liver plays the role of a physiological pool which accumulates blood removed from the upper body by positive pressure.
临界高血压患者在浸入水中时接受正压呼吸。在暴露期间，测量心输出量（CO）、心率（HR）、平均动脉压（MAP）、总外周阻力（TPR）、左心室功（W）、头部血管血容量（Qh）、上下肺叶（Qu1和Q11）、肝脏（Q1）。在浸入过程中，CO和MAD降低，HR和TPR略有增加，W减少。同时，Qh、Qu1和Q11显著增加，而Q1显著降低，表明在模拟微重力期间血液“集中化”。正压呼吸过程导致Qh、Qu1、Q11降低，Q1增加，即它们导致血液从头部和肺部转移到肝脏。因此，肝脏起到了生理储备池的作用，积聚通过正压从身体上部移除的血液。
