Oncoclínicas&Co-Medica Scientia Innovation Research (MEDSIR), São Paulo 04542-390, Brazil.
Brazilian Group of Gynecologic Oncology (EVA), Rio de Janeiro 35500-025, Brazil.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Jul 15;25(14):7742. doi: 10.3390/ijms25147742.
Endometrial cancer (EC) is a heterogeneous disease with a rising incidence worldwide. The understanding of its molecular pathways has evolved substantially since The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) stratified endometrial cancer into four subgroups regarding molecular features: ultra-mutated, microsatellite instability (MSI) hypermutated, copy-number high with mutations, and copy-number low with microsatellite stability, also known as nonspecific molecular subtype (NSMP). More recently, the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) updated their staging classification to include information about mutation and p53 status, as the prognosis differs according to these characteristics. Other biomarkers are being identified and their prognostic and predictive role in response to therapies are being evaluated. However, the incorporation of molecular aspects into treatment decision-making is challenging. This review explores the available data and future directions on tailoring treatment based on molecular subtypes, alongside the challenges associated with their testing.
子宫内膜癌（EC）是一种异质性疾病，全球发病率呈上升趋势。自癌症基因组图谱（TCGA）根据分子特征将子宫内膜癌分为四个亚组以来，人们对其分子途径的认识有了实质性的发展：超高突变、微卫星不稳定（MSI）高突变、拷贝数高伴突变和拷贝数低伴微卫星稳定，也称为非特异性分子亚型（NSMP）。最近，国际妇产科联合会（FIGO）更新了其分期分类，纳入了关于 突变和 p53 状态的信息，因为根据这些特征，预后会有所不同。其他生物标志物正在被确定，其在治疗反应中的预后和预测作用正在被评估。然而，将分子方面纳入治疗决策具有挑战性。这篇综述探讨了基于分子亚型进行治疗定制的现有数据和未来方向，以及与这些测试相关的挑战。
