Jiang Chuan, Kang Hui, Zhou Yang, Zhu Wenwen, Zhao Xilong, Mohamed Nassoro, Li Bo
College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China.
Life (Basel). 2024 Jul 15;14(7):881. doi: 10.3390/life14070881.
The control region () regulates the replication and transcription of the mitochondrial genome (mitogenome). Some avian mitogenomes possess two , and the second control region () may enhance replication and transcription; however, the in lark mitogenome appears to be undergoing loss and is accompanied by tandem repeats. Here, we characterized six lark mitogenomes from , , , and and reconstructed the phylogeny of Passerida. Through further comparative analysis among larks, we traced the evolutionary process of . The mitochondrial gene orders were conserved in all published lark mitogenomes, with with tandem repeat-. Phylogenetic analysis revealed Alaudidae and Panuridae are sister groups at the base of Sylvioidea, and sporadic losses of may occur in their common ancestor. sequence and phylogeny analysis indicated tandem repeats were generated within , originating in the ancestor of all larks, rather than inherited from . The secondary structure comparison of tandem repeat units within and between species suggested slipped-strand mispairing and DNA turnover as suitable models for explaining the origin and evolution of these repeats. This study reveals the evolutionary process of the containing tandem repeat in Alaudidae, providing reference for understanding the evolutionary characteristics and dynamics of tandem repeats.
控制区（）调控线粒体基因组（有丝分裂基因组）的复制和转录。一些鸟类有丝分裂基因组拥有两个，第二个控制区（）可能会增强复制和转录；然而，百灵鸟有丝分裂基因组中的似乎正在丢失，并伴有串联重复。在此，我们对来自、、、和的六个百灵鸟有丝分裂基因组进行了特征分析，并重建了雀形目的系统发育。通过对百灵鸟的进一步比较分析，我们追踪了的进化过程。线粒体基因顺序在所有已发表的百灵鸟有丝分裂基因组中都是保守的，具有串联重复-。系统发育分析表明，百灵科和攀雀科在莺亚目的基部是姐妹群，并且在它们的共同祖先中可能发生了的零星丢失。序列和系统发育分析表明，串联重复是在内部产生的，起源于所有百灵鸟的祖先，而不是从继承而来。物种内和物种间串联重复单元的二级结构比较表明，滑链错配和DNA周转是解释这些重复序列起源和进化的合适模型。本研究揭示了百灵科中含有串联重复的的进化过程，为理解串联重复的进化特征和动态提供了参考。
