State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2024 Sep 15;283:116783. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116783. Epub 2024 Jul 26.
Residues of herbicides with the extensive applications may impact the soil ecosystem and ultimately threaten agricultural sustainability. However, the effects of long-term herbicide residues on soil multifunctionality and the soil microbial community remain poorly understood. Here, we evaluated relationships between soil multifunctionality and soil microbial communities with residual herbicide concentrations by surveying and analyzing 62 black soil samples collected from an agricultural area in northeastern China. Total residual herbicide concentrations varied from 35 to 568 μg/kg in the soil samples. The response of soil multifunctionality to increasing residual herbicide concentrations exhibited an inverted U-shaped relationship with a peak at approximately 310 μg/kg, with net mineralized organic nitrogen (Nm) and total nitrogen (TN) exhibiting the same trend. Microbial community richness was significantly lower in soil samples with high residual herbicide concentrations (> 310 μg/kg, HG) compared to low residual herbicide concentrations (< 310 μg/kg, LG). In addition, the relative abundances of specific keystone microbial genera differed significantly between LG and HG: norank_f_Acetobacteraceae, norank_f_Caldilineaceae, Candidatus_Alysiosphaera, and Gonytrichum. The relative abundances of these genera were also significantly correlated with soil multifunctionality. Structural equation models (SEMs) further showed that herbicide residues influenced soil multifunctionality by affecting these specific keystone genera. Our study demonstrates that long-term herbicide residues significantly impact the multifunctionality of agricultural black soil, where low concentrations stimulate while high concentrations inhibit, underscoring the need for reasonable application of herbicides to maintain soil ecosystem health.
除草剂残留可能会对土壤生态系统产生影响，进而威胁农业的可持续性。然而，长期的除草剂残留对土壤多功能性和土壤微生物群落的影响仍知之甚少。在这里，我们通过调查和分析中国东北地区一个农业区采集的 62 个黑土样本，评估了土壤多功能性与土壤微生物群落与残留除草剂浓度之间的关系。土壤样本中的总残留除草剂浓度从 35 到 568μg/kg 不等。土壤多功能性对增加的残留除草剂浓度的响应呈倒 U 型关系，在约 310μg/kg 时达到峰值，净矿化有机氮（Nm）和总氮（TN）呈现相同的趋势。与低残留除草剂浓度（<310μg/kg，LG）相比，高残留除草剂浓度（>310μg/kg，HG）的土壤样本中微生物群落丰富度显著降低。此外，LG 和 HG 之间特定关键微生物属的相对丰度差异显著：norank_f_Acetobacteraceae、norank_f_Caldilineaceae、Candidatus_Alysiosphaera 和 Gonytrichum。这些属的相对丰度也与土壤多功能性显著相关。结构方程模型（SEMs）进一步表明，除草剂残留通过影响这些特定的关键微生物属来影响土壤多功能性。我们的研究表明，长期的除草剂残留显著影响农业黑土的多功能性，低浓度刺激，高浓度抑制，这突显了合理应用除草剂以维持土壤生态系统健康的必要性。
