Zhang Xu, Guan Qihong, Wen Yueqi, Wang Zhi, Xie Hua
Liaoning Key Laboratory of Aircraft Fire Explosion Control and Reliability Airworthiness Technology, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang, 110136, China.
School of Safety Engineering, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang, 110136, China.
Sci Rep. 2024 Jul 28;14(1):17340. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-68465-w.
The concept of sustainable development has led to a growing research interest in bio-based flame-retardant polyurethane foams. These foams offer environmentally friendly, sustainable, and flame-retardant raw materials for the construction, automotive, and furniture industries. The 15 wt% soybean oil-based polyol rigid polyurethane foams (RPUF-S3A20B system) were modified with 20 wt% ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and homemade magnesium borate hydroxide (MgBO(OH)). Thermogravimetric analysis, pyrolysis kinetic analysis, limiting oxygen index (LOI) test, cone calorimetry (CONE), morphological analysis, and smoke density (Ds) were employed to investigate the impact of MgBO(OH) on the thermal stability and flame-retardant properties of the RPUF-S3A20B system. The results indicated that RPUF-S3A20B12.5 with 12.5 wt% MgBO(OH) had better thermal stability and higher activation energy. In addition, its LOI was increased by 3.1% compared to RPUF-S3A20 without MgBO(OH). The peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release rate (THR) of RPUF-S3A20B12.5 at a radiant flux of 25 kW/m were reduced by 45.8% and 35.0% compared with RPUF-S3A20. RPUF-S3A20B12.5 demonstrated the lowest smoke density (17.4 and 17.5) and highest light transmission (73.9% and 73.7%) in both flameless and flame conditions, indicating superior flame-retardant and smoke-suppression properties. These findings offered valuable insights for further research on synergistic flame-retardant systems in bio-based polyurethane foams.
可持续发展的概念引发了对生物基阻燃聚氨酯泡沫材料的研究兴趣日益浓厚。这些泡沫为建筑、汽车和家具行业提供了环保、可持续且具有阻燃性能的原材料。采用20 wt%的聚磷酸铵（APP）和自制的硼酸氢氧化镁（MgBO(OH)）对15 wt%大豆油基多元醇硬质聚氨酯泡沫（RPUF-S3A20B体系）进行改性。通过热重分析、热解动力学分析、极限氧指数（LOI）测试、锥形量热法（CONE）、形态分析和烟密度（Ds）来研究MgBO(OH)对RPUF-S3A20B体系热稳定性和阻燃性能的影响。结果表明，含有12.5 wt% MgBO(OH)的RPUF-S3A20B12.5具有更好的热稳定性和更高的活化能。此外，与不含MgBO(OH)的RPUF-S3A20相比，其LOI提高了3.1%。在25 kW/m的辐射通量下，RPUF-S3A20B12.5的峰值热释放速率（PHRR）和总热释放速率（THR）与RPUF-S3A20相比分别降低了45.8%和35.0%。RPUF-S3A20B12.5在无火焰和有火焰条件下均表现出最低的烟密度（17.4和17.5）和最高的透光率（73.9%和73.7%），表明其具有优异的阻燃和抑烟性能。这些发现为生物基聚氨酯泡沫中协同阻燃体系的进一步研究提供了有价值的见解。
