Department of Oral Health Practice, Division of Prosthodontics, University of Kentucky, College of Dentistry, Lexington, Kentucky.
Student Dentist, University of Kentucky, College of Dentistry, Lexington, Kentucky.
J Oral Implantol. 2024 Oct 1;50(5):474-480. doi: 10.1563/aaid-joi-D-24-00044.
This study examined the association between a dental implant and changes in adjacent teeth over time. Electronic health records of 1818 patients who received a dental implant were retrospectively evaluated over 14 years (2005-2019) in a university setting. The status of the adjacent tooth and vertical and horizontal distance from the implant platform to adjacent teeth were determined using digital intraoral radiographs taken at baseline and the last follow-up visit (1-14 years, median 4 years). In total, 1085 dental implants were evaluated. There were 234 instances of a change in the adjacent tooth. Decay was observed in 83 (7.6%) of adjacent teeth; the mean time to development was 4 years (range 1-14 years). Approximately 9% of adjacent teeth received direct restorations, 4.8% received indirect restorations, 1% received endodontic root canal treatment, and 5.6% were extracted. The mean horizontal distance between the implant platform and the adjacent teeth was 3.56 mm; the mean vertical distance from the contact point to the alveolar crest on the tooth side was 6.2 mm at the first time of the reported decay on X ray. These distances did not significantly influence the occurrence of caries. The prevalence of interproximal contact loss was higher on the mesial of the implant crown at 63% compared with 20% on the distal side. This large retrospective analysis identified that teeth adjacent to a dental implant were at risk of decay and changes in their condition. In addition, the implant-to-tooth distance and inadequate emergence profile may contribute as caries risk factors in addition to hygiene and a high sugar level diet. These findings appear essential for clinicians when making treatment decisions and discussing outcomes with patients.
本研究旨在探讨种植牙与相邻牙齿随时间变化的关系。我们回顾性分析了一所大学附属医院 1818 例种植牙患者的电子健康记录，随访时间为 14 年（2005-2019 年）。通过基线和最后一次随访（1-14 年，中位数为 4 年）的数字化口腔内 X 光片，确定相邻牙齿的状态以及种植体平台与相邻牙齿之间的垂直和水平距离。共评估了 1085 个种植牙，其中 234 个相邻牙齿发生了变化。83 颗（7.6%）相邻牙齿出现了龋坏，平均发病时间为 4 年（1-14 年）。约 9%的相邻牙齿接受了直接修复，4.8%接受了间接修复，1%接受了牙髓根管治疗，5.6%被拔除。种植体平台与相邻牙齿之间的平均水平距离为 3.56 毫米；从接触点到牙齿牙槽嵴的平均垂直距离在 X 光片上报告的龋坏首次出现时为 6.2 毫米。这些距离并没有显著影响龋齿的发生。在种植体冠的近中侧，近中接触丧失的发生率为 63%，而远中侧为 20%。这项大型回顾性分析表明，种植牙的相邻牙齿有发生龋坏和状况变化的风险。此外，种植体与牙齿之间的距离和不适当的暴露轮廓可能是导致龋齿的危险因素，除了卫生和高糖饮食外。这些发现对于临床医生在做出治疗决策和与患者讨论治疗结果时非常重要。
